Genetics Vocab
Define phenotype
The trait you actually see
Which gender is the only one that can be a carrier of a disease?
Female
What does GMO stand for?
Genetically modified organisms
What does PCR stand for?
Polymerase Chain Reaction
What is the difference between Aerobic and anaerobic cell respiration?
Aerobic requires oxygen, Anaerobic does not
Define genotype
What the alleles look like
What blood type is known as the universal donor?
Type O
What field is DNA fingerprinting used for?
Forensic science
In Gel Electrophoresis where are the DNA samples loaded at?
at the top of the gel
What is the difference between a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell?
Prokaryotic is its own living organism Eukaryotic belongs to a larger organism
Define Incomplete dominance
When two colors blend on the children of certain species(Ex: A red rose and a white rose cross-pollinate and all of the offspring are pink)
What blood type is known as the universal receiver?
Type AB
What are some benefits of transgenic organisms? Name 2
Production of larger animals and crops, making crops resistant to drought or pests, Making insulin or drugs quicker
What allows primers to attach in PCR?
Cooling
What is the correct order of phases in mitosis?
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
Define test cross
When you don’t know the second allele of a parent so you test it with a recessive gene to see what the children are and if hypothetically ¼ of them show the recessive allele
If a woman is homozygous normal and her husband is heterozygous for a genetically inherited recessive disease and they decide to become parents, what is the probability that they will have a healthy child?
100%
What is medical biotechnology?
the use of living cells and cell materials to research and produce pharmaceutical and diagnostic products that help treat and prevent human diseases
What separates the strands in PCR?
Heating
Which focus on a microscope do you use when you are completely zoomed in?
Fine focus
Define law of independent assortment
Genes segregating independently, the farther they move apart the more likely they are to separate, if they are close together they are considered linked
If two people who are both carriers for a genetically inherited fatal recessive disease decide to become parents, what will be the odds that their children will also be carriers?
50%
What is agricultural biotechnology?
is an area of agricultural science involving the use of scientific tools and techniques, including genetic engineering, molecular markers, molecular diagnostics, vaccines, and tissue culture, to modify living organisms
Where are the smaller fragments located in Gel Electrophoresis?
At the bottom
What are the steps of the scientific method?
Form a question, Do research, Form hypothesis, Conduct an experiment, analyze the data, draw conclusions