biology 1
The name of this compound has a chemical formula of C6H12O6
What is glucose?
The build-up of this acid occurs in muscles during exercise.
What is lactic acid?
The function of the mitochondria in a cell is this
What is the production of ATP energy (or the powerhouse)?
The process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water
What is photosynthesis?
This scientist used pea plants to observe heredity
Who was Gregor Mendel?
The acronym ATP stands for this
What is Adenosine Triphosphate?
This type of cellular respiration does NOT require oxygen
What is anaerobic respiration?
The movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane from low to high concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy is called this
What is active transport?
The organelle where photosynthesis takes place is called this
What is a chloroplast?
A set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients (ex: glucose) into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release CO2 and H2O
What is cellular respiration?
The process known as glycolysis does this
What is the process of splitting Glucose into Pyruvate and ATP (and NADH)?
The process by which cells release energy from glucose WITHOUT using oxygen **Hint: Pyruvic acid is changed into an acid or alcohol and carbon dioxide
What is fermentation?
This substance is found in all cells and has a jelly-like consistency
What is cytoplasm?
A process in which a cell completely surrounds molecules in a vacuole to move materials into the cell
What is endocytosis?
The two types of cellular transport are known as
What are passive and active transport?
A green pigment present in all photosynthetic organisms, responsible for the absorption of light to provide energy for the process of photosynthesis
What is chlorophyll?
The type of cellular respiration that NEEDS oxygen
What is aerobic respiration?
An organism that obtains energy from sunlight or inorganic compounds
What is an autotroph (or producer)?
The amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction is known as
What is activation energy?
The central and most important part of the cell that contains all the genetic information, which determines its daily functions, is known as
What is the nucleus?
This enzyme adds nucleotides to the template strands of the unzipped DNA molecule during DNA replication
What is DNA polymerase?
This enzyme unzips the DNA molecule in preparation for DNA replication
What is helicase?
This nucleic acid is single-stranded, contains the bases A, U, G, and C, and is needed for protein synthesis
What is RNA?
Human body cells are known to have 46 chromosomes. The name for that amount of chromosomes in humans is this
What is the diploid number?
This organelle makes lipids necessary for the cell membrane and does not have ribosomes attached to it
What is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (smooth ER)?