Cell Parts & Cell Division
Cells
DNA
Protein Synthesis
Genetics
Evolution
Enzymes
100
The control center of the cell – contains chromosomes made of DNA.
What is the nucleus?
100
The type of cells that do not have a nucleus.
What are prokaryotes?
100
The basic structure of DNA
What is a double helix?
100
This replaces Thymine in RNA
What is Uracil?
100
When an organism has one dominant allele and one recessive allele
What is heterozygous?
100
Preserved or mineralized remains or imprints of an organism that lived long ago
What is a fossil?
100
Enzymes are this type of molecule.
What are proteins?
200
This is where cellular respiration occurs. Releases Energy for the cell to use. Sometimes called the powerhouse of the cell.
What is the mitochondria?
200
Two cell parts that plant cells have that animal cells do not have
What are the cell wall and chloroplast?
200
The four nucleotides in DNA.
What are adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine?
200
The process that takes information from DNA and changes it into mRNA
What is transcription?
200
The physical appearance of a trait
What is the phenotype?
200
Two factors of natural selection.
What are genetic variation, the environment presents challenges to survival, overproduction of offspring, and those most suited to the environment leave the most offspring.
200
Enzymes do this to the rate of chemical reactions.
What is speed up?
300
The three organelles that are responsible for creating, processing, and packaging proteins in the cell.
What are the ribosome, rough ER, and golgi body (apparatus)?
300
This separates the cell from its environment and controls what enters and exits the cell.
What is the cell membrane?
300
The complementary strand to TGCATCACG
What is ACGTAGTGC?
300
The process of taking RNA and making it into an amino acid sequence.
What is translation?
300
The probablility of a short offspring when crossing a tall plant (TT) with a short plant (tt).
What is 0%
300
Two pieces of evidence for evolution.
What are embryonic development, fossils, DNA sequences, homologous structures, vestigial structures, and proteins?
300
Enzymes lower THIS to help reactions occur.
What is activation energy?
400
The difference between mitosis & meiosis.
Mitosis occurs in somatic (body) cells to create two identical cells. Meiosis occurs in reproductive cells to create four genetically different cells with half the number of chromosomes.
400
Give one reason why a cell might differentiate (become specialized) & an example of a specialized cell in a human.
What is to perform a specific function such as muscle movement, fight infection, secrete bone, reproduce, etc? Examples include bone cells, muscle cells, heart cells, blood cells, skin cells, etc.
400
The enzyme that adds new nucleotides during DNA replication AND the enzyme that unwinds the DNA for replication.
What is DNA polymerase & DNA helicase?
400
Three ways RNA is different from DNA
What are single stranded, uracil instead of thymine, and the sugar ribose?
400
If one rabbit is heterozygous for brown fur and another is homozygous for white fur, which is the dominant trait? What is the probability of the genotype of the offspring being heterozygous?
What is brown is dominant and a 50% chance of heterozygous.
400
What is evolution?
AND What is one of the processes through which evolution occurs?
The change in the traits of a species over time
AND natural selection
400
Three things that can denature an enzyme.
What are pH levels, temperature, and salt concentration?
500
TWO PART ANSWER: The Five Stages of cell division in order from start to finish AND the purpose of mitosis?
What is Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis? AND What is to create new cells for growth & repair?
500
Four features or parts that ALL cells have.
What are ribosomes, cytoplasm, cell membrane, and cytoskeleton? (also DNA)
500
What DNA stands for.
(spelling counts)
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
500
The correct order of gene expression: Protein, RNA, Transcription, DNA, Translation.
What is DNA-> Transcription -> RNA ->Translation -> Protein?
500
What is the name of this type of diagram? What are TWO things you can tell from this diagram.
This is a karyotype. You can tell that this is from a male with a genetic disorder (extra chromosome 21-down syndrome).
500
The definition of natural selection.
What is that individuals that are better suited to their environment tend to leave more offspring than those individuals less suited to the environment do?
500
An example of an enzyme in your body and the substrate it breaks down.
What is catalase & hydrogen peroxide, or amylase & starch, or lactase & lactose, or pepsin & proteins?