Water
Water's high boiling and melting points are caused by the presence of what?
Hydrogen Bonds
The number of protons in an atom's nucleus is also known as....
Atomic Number
Name two Diasaccharides discussed in the Macromolecule Lesson
Maltose, Sucrose, Lactose
Proteins contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and what two other essential elements?
Nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur.
Most common examples of lipids
fats, oils, waxes, and steroids.
Why icebergs are partially seen floating on top of the water?
Water is heated over 4 degrees Celsius, it expands, and the molecules spread out. (volume increases as density decreases)
The six main elements found in living things.
•Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Sulfur, Nitrogen, Phosphorous
Glucose and Fructose are examples of
Monosaccharides/Monomers (simple sugars)
Monomer of Protein:
Monomer of Nucleic Acids:
Amino Acids
Nucleotides
The bond in which the electrons are unequally shared between the two atoms of different elements.
Polar Covalent Bond
What shape is a water molecule? Explain why it is that shape.
Bent.
This shape occurs due to the arrangement of electrons around the central oxygen atom.
Since electrons are negative, they repel each other. This results in the electrons in the molecule spacing themselves out so that they have the least repulsion between each electron pair, resulting in the bent conformation.
Bonds that are formed when atoms gain or lose electrons
Ionic Bonds
Starch consists of _________ of glucose molecules and is utilized as energy storage by plants
Branched Chains
Amino acids are bonded together by covalent bonds called a _______.
A long chain of amino acids joined together is called:
peptide bond
Polypeptide
The three-carbon molecule that serves as a lipid's ‘backbone'
glycerol
The amount of heat energy one gram of a substance must gain or lose to change its temperature by one degree Celsius refers to this property of water.
Specific Heat of Water
The type of bonds that exist within a water molecule.
Bonus: Why is it called that?
Covalent Bonds
Bonus: The shared electrons complete each atom’s outermost (valence) shell, making the water molecule more stable than its component atoms.
Monosaccharides are linked together by ____ bonds. Also known as _______ bonds
What does DNA stand for and what is it's role in the cell?
(Deoxyribonucleic acid)
•the main copy of an organism’s genetic code containing the instructions to create every protein required by the cell.
•These proteins are then expressed as characteristics or traits in the organism.
Polyunsaturated fats are distinguished from Unsaturated and Saturated fats by the presence of:
Multiple double bonds (covalent)
Water forms two types of mixtures. What are they and how are they different?
A solution has its components evenly distributed throughout,
A suspension shows an uneven distribution.
What function do hydrogen bonds serve within a DNA molecule?
Hydrogen bonds act to stabilize the two strands allowing it to form a double helix.
Glycogen molecules can be found in which two places in the body?
The liver and muscle cells.
Two of the most common types of proteins which act in the human body are:
enzymes and hormones
Monomers are______ _______ that combine into _______ through a chemical reaction known by the names ________________ and _____________
Repeating subunits that combine into Polymers/macromolecules through a chemical reaction known by the names __condensation reaction_ and __Dehydration synthesis____