Evidence of Evolution
Mechanisms of Evolution
Natural Selection
Types of Natural Selection
Random
100
A preserved remnant or impression of an organism from the past.
Fossil
100
Random changes in allele frequencies in a population over time.
Genetic drift
100
Define natural selection.
Organisms with favorable traits are able to surivive and reproduce (pass on their traits)
100
List the 3 types of natural selection
(hint: we looked at graphs of them)
Directional Selection
Stabilizing Selection
Diversifying Selection
100
An anatomical feature that no longer serves its original purpose in a species
Vestigial structure
200
The study of the geographical distribution of species and ecosystems.
Biogeography
200
The transfer of genetic material between populations through migration.
gene flow
200
Differences in traits among individuals in a population
variation
200
What type of selection is shown?
Directional Selection
200
Periods of no change in evolutionary history according to the fossil record.
stasis
300
Structures in different species that are similar due to shared ancestry.
Homologous structures
300
A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to variation in traits
Mutation
300
Define "fitness" in terms of natural selection
an organism's ability to survive and reproduce
300
The formation of new and distinct species is called ???
Speciation
300
Periods of gradual/ slow change according to the fossil record
gradualism
400
DNA, RNA, and protein similarities among organisms that indicate evolutionary relationships.
Molecular homologies
400
Genetic recombination occurs during which phase of the cell cycle?
Meiosis
(crossing over of meiosis)
400
The phenomenon where organisms produce more offspring than can survive
Overproduction
400
A species of mice has 3 color variants: light, medium, and dark. The light and dark mice are easily seen by predators, but the medium colored mice blend in better. This leads to an increase in medium colored mice. What type of selection is this?
Stabilizing Selection
400
Periods of rapid change in a population according to the fossil record.
Abrupt appearance
500
Similarities in the embryos of different species that suggest common ancestry.
Embryological/ developmental homologies
500
A decrease in genetic variation that occurs when a small group establishes a new population
Founder effect
500
A trait that enhances an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its environment
Adaptation
500
Which of the three types of selection will lead to the formation of new species?
Diversifying Selection
500
The intentional breeding of organisms to produce desired traits
Artificial selection