Classifying Life
What is the study of looking at life on the basis of created kinds?
Baraminology
What is the name of the bacteria in our microbiome?
Microbiota
What do we have more of, antibiotics or antiviral drugs?
Antibiotics
What is the largest group of archaea?
Methanogens
How do baraminologists visualize the diversity in biological kinds?
What is the most common form of bacterial reproduction?
Binary fission
What is the only way that bacteria can reproduce?
By attaching to a living thing
Which type of archaea are found in water that is saltier than the ocean?
Halophiles
What is the purpose of a phylogenetic tree?
To show the supposed evolutionary relationships between groups of organisms
What occurs during transformation of bacteria?
A bacterium takes in a piece of bacterial DNA that is floating free in the environment for itself.
What is a retrovirus?
A virus that can force a cell to transcribe the virus's RNA into the cell's DNA
What does Streptococcus pneumoniae cause?
Pneumoniae
What is the difference between divergence and convergence?
Divergence - the process of two similar species becoming more and more different
Convergence - the process of two similar species evolving the same derived trait
Stopping peptidoglycan formation
Disrupting the bacteria's ability to maintain a capsule
What is the difference between prions and viruses?
Prion - an infectious particle made only of abnormal proteins (but no genetic information)
Virus - an unalive carrier of genetic information
What is the difference between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria?
Gram-positive bacteria: have higher amounts of peptidoglycan in their cell walls
Gram-negative bacteria: have less peptidoglycan in their cell walls
List the eight taxa of life
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
List the six steps of transduction in bacteria
The bacteriophage attaches to a bacterium and empties into the genetic content to mix viral and bacterial genes.
Viral genes tells the bacterium's ribosomes to start making bacteriophages.
Some of the new bacteriophages may contain random pieces of the host bacterium's DNA.
New bacteriophages bust out of the bacterium.
One of the bacteriophages that contains bacterial DNA attaches to another bacterium and empties its genetic information into it.
The injected bacterial DNA gives the bacterium new genes
What is the difference between the viral lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle?
Lytic cycle - the rapid infection and destruction of a host cell
Lysogenic cycle - a process in which a virus infects a cell but does not destroy it, allowing the cell to naturally copy and spread the virus's genetic potential
What does Borrelia burgdorferi cause?
Lyme disease