Biology
What is biology?
The study of living things.
What is homeostasis?
The process by which living organisms maintain a state of balance and stability while adjusting to external conditions.
This is the lowest level or organization.
A molecule.
Directions. Fill in the missing word(s).
Living things are made of ____________.
cells
What does a light microscope allow you to see?
It magnifies images of structures too small to see with the naked eye.
This is the basic unit of structure and function in living things.
cell
What do we call the tool that uses electrons to magnify objects 100,000 times?
electron microscope (EM)
What is the second largest level of organization?
ecosystem
Directions. Fill in the missing word(s).
Living things ___________ and __________ to their environment.
2 correct answers: respond and adapt
In what position should the stage of the microscope be in every time you first place a new slide on it?
The stage should be in the lowest position or all of the way down.
A type of reproduction that does not require 2 parent cells.
Asexual reproduction (mitosis)
What do we call a group of cells grown in a nutrient solution from a single original cell?
cell culture
What is the 6th level of organization (many different species living in the same area)?
community
Directions. Fill in the missing word(s).
Living things must ____________ and develop.
grow
When you looked at the letter e under the microscope, how did it appear?
it was upside down
A type of reproduction that requires two parent cells.
Sexual reproduction (meiosis)
What do we call the combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials?
metabolism
This refers to the part of the Earth where life exists, encompassing all living organisms and their habitats, including the regions of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere that support life.
this is the biosphere
All living things are based on a universal ___________
________________.
genetic code (DNA/RNA)
How do you calculate magnification on a light microscope?
Multiply the objective lens strength by the ocular lens strength.
This is a technique in which cells are broken into pieces and different cell parts are separated using a centrifuge.
cell fractionation
When you are observing a new slide on the light microscope, what power should you start with always?
The lowest power (40X), which is the shortest objective lens.
Which organism is more advanced and why, a bacteria or a fungus?
Fungi are more advanced than bacteria. Fungi are "eukaryotes," which means they have true cells with a nucleus & membrane bound organelles. Bacteria are prokaryotes which mean they do not have a true nucleus or membrane bound organelles.
Why are viruses not "alive"?
Viruses are not alive because they are not made out of cells, they can’t keep themselves in a stable state, they don’t grow, they can’t make their own energy, and they can't reproduce without infecting a host cell.
How does the diameter of the field of view change as you increase the magnification of the objective lenses?
As you increase magnification, the diameter of the field of view decreases (you see greater detail but less of the overall picture).