DNA Structure
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What is RNA composed of?
Where does transcription take place?
Nucleus
Where does translation take place?
Cytoplasm
What molecule stores energy for the cell?
What molecule is DNA made up of?
Nucleotides
How many strands does RNA have?
1
What is the goal of transcription?
To make mRNA from DNA
What is the goal of translation?
To go from mRNA to protein
What is metabolism?
Sum of energy processes in an organism
What is a nucleotide made up of?
Sugar, phosphate, base
What base does RNA have that DNA does not?
U
What enzyme unzips DNA?
Helicase
What cell organelle assembles the protein?
Ribosome
What is catabolism?
Breaking down complex molecules to release energy
What are the DNA base pairing rules?
A-T, C-G
What are the RNA base-pairing rules?
A-U, G-C
What enzyme brings in nucleotides that base-pair with the DNA template strand?
RNA Polymerase
What two things does tRNA hold?
Amino acid & Anti-codon
What is anabolism?
Building a complex molecule to store energy
What is each part of DNA made up?
Sides: sugar and phosphate
Center: base pairs
What are two types of RNA we have talked about?
mRNA & tRNA
What gets cut out of the mRNA before leaving the nucleus? What stays after editing?
Introns cut out
Exons stay
What makes sure the correct amino acid is brought in?
Anti-codon base pairing with the codon on mRNA
How is energy released from ATP?
Reacts with water to chop off a phosphate group. ATP becomes ADP.