LESSON 1
What is an Atom?
The basic unit of matter.
What is a Polar Molecule?
A molecule in which there is an uneven distribution of charges between atoms.
What is the simple sugar of Carbohydrates?
Monosaccharide
What is a chemical reaction?
A process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals.
What is an Isotope?
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
What is the Solute?
The substance dissolve in a solution.
What is a Polymer?
A macromolecule made of monomers.
What is an enzyme?
Proteins that act as biological catalysts.
What are the particles that make up an atom?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons.
What is the difference between Cohesion and Adhesion?
Cohesion is attraction of the SAME substance, and Adhesion is DIFFERENT substances.
What are the four groups of organic compounds in living things?
Carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins.
What is a reactant?
The elements or compound that enters the reaction.
What are the main types of chemical bonds?
Ionic Bonds and Covalent Bonds
What does the pH scale indicate? (BE SPECIFIC)
The concentration of H+ (hydrogen) ions in a solution.
What are carbohydrates used for?
For a chemical reaction to start, what does it need?
Enough energy to start the chemical reaction (activation energy)
What is a Van der Waals Force?
When molecules are close together, a slight attraction develops between oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules.
What does a base create in a solution?
OH- (hydroxide) ions
What are proteins used for? (LIST 2)
Controlling the rate of reactions, regulate cell processes, help form bones into muscles, carrying substances into or out of cells, and help fight disease.
How do enzymes work?
The substrate binds to a site on the enzyme called the active site, and it lowers the energy needed to start the reaction, and releases the new reaction products afterwards.