Mitosis
What is diffusion?
The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?
On the pH scale, a substance with a pH of 10 is classified as
basic
What is an atom?
The smallest unit of an element that retains the element's properties
What is the relationship between atoms and elements?
An element is made up of only one type of atom
What is matter?
Anything that has mass and takes up space.
What are reactants and products?
A reactant is the starting substance in a chemical reaction
A product is a substance formed during a chemical reaction
A pH of 7 indicates a substance is
neutral
What is adhesion?
The attraction of water molecules to other substances
What is cohension?
The attraction of water molecules to each other, creating surface tension
What is a solution?
A uniform mixture of a solute dissolved in a solvent
In an exothermic reaction, what happens to energy?
Energy is released to the surroundings
What does a protein allow living cells to do.?
To build structures and catalyze chemical reactions
What is the main function of lipids in living organisms?
Both storage and insulation
What are nucleotides?
They are the building blocks of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA
What does an enzyme do?
An enzyme speeds up a reaction by lowering its activation energy
What is a covalent bond?
Photosynthesis is an example of what type of reaction? Endothermic or Exothermic?
Endothermic reactions that stores energy in chemical bonds
What is activation energy?
It is the energy needed to start a chemical reaction
What is the primary role of carbohydrates in living organisms?
A quick energy source for cells
What does a catalyst (enzyme) do in a chemical reaction?
It lower the activation energy and speed up the reaction without being consumed
What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
A nitrogen base
A sugar
A phosphate group
What type of bond forms between sodium and chlorine to form table salt (NaCl)?
An ionic bond, because sodium loses an electron to chlorine
What allows water to be essential for life?
It has a high heat capacity, which allows it absorb and release large amounts of heat with little temperature change
What is the difference between a physical and chemical change?
A physical change does not produce new substances
A chemical change produces new substances with different properties
What is the difference between ionic and covalent bonds?
Ionic transfer atoms to one another
Covalent share electrons