Nucleic Acid Structure
The three components of a nucleotide
What are sugar, phosphate, and base?
Carries amino acids
What is tRNA?
The base on an RNA nucleotide that is complementary to A
What is U?
The enzyme that catalyzes translation in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
What are ribosomes?
Differences in the sequence of bases between members of a population
What are DNA polymorphisms?
The shape of DNA
What is a double helix?
The copy of a gene that codes for a protein
What is mRNA?
Where eukaryotic transcription occurs
What is in the nucleus?
Translation starts when this is reached on the mRNA
What is the start codon (AUG)?
Differences in a single base-pair that exist in a population
What are single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)?
The differences between DNA and RNA nucleotides
What are their sugars (deoxirobose vs ribose) and bases (T vs U)
Contains codons
What is mRNA?
This RNA sequence would be transcribed from the following DNA sequence: GCTAAC
What is CGAUUG?
Translation ends when this is reached on the mRNA
What is a stop codon?
Three types of mutations
What are insertions, deletions, and substitutions?
The two strands of DNA are held together by this
What are hydrogen bonds?
Contains anticodons
What is tRNA?
The goal of transcription
What is making mRNA?
This is produced by the end of translation
What is a polypeptide chain (amino acids connected by peptide bonds)?
The amino acid sequence based on the following DNA sequence: TGCGTA
What is the sequence Thr- His?
The sides of the DNA ladder
What are the sugar phosphate backbones?
Part of the ribosome
What is rRNA?
The enzyme that separates the strands of DNA and adds RNA nucleotides during transcription
What is RNA polymerase
Each tRNA molecule brings this to the ribosome
What is an amino acid?
This is how cells in your body can have the exact same DNA but perform entirely different functions
What is by regulating gene expression?