Cell Parts
What is the Nucleus' job in the cell?
It acts as the control center of the cell.
This green pigment is essential for capturing light energy during photosynthesis and is found in chloroplasts.
Chlorophyll.
This system in the body is responsible for defending against infections and diseases.
Immune system.
This is the process by which cells break down glucose and other organic molecules to produce ATP, the energy currency of the cell.
Cellular respiration.
These cells lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, commonly found in bacteria.
Prokaryotes.
What is the Mitochondria's job in the cell?
To break down food into usable energy for cells.
This is the first stage of photosynthesis where light energy is converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH.
Light-dependent reaction.
These cells "remember" previous encounters with pathogens, allowing for a quicker and more effective response upon reinfection.
Memory cells.
The primary products of cellular respiration are ATP, carbon dioxide, and this simple sugar.
Glucose.
Eukaryotic cells are more complex than prokaryotic cells due to the presence of these internal structures with specific functions.
Organelles.
Why is the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum called rough?
Ribosomes are on top of it.
Besides glucose, this gas is released as a byproduct of photosynthesis and is essential for the respiration of most living organisms.
Oxygen.
These cells regulate the immune response, preventing it from attacking the body's own cells.
T-cells.
In this stage of cellular respiration, glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP and NADH.
Glycolisis.
Generally, prokaryotic cells are smaller in size compared to these more complex cells.
Eukaryotes.
Found in plant cells, this organelle is responsible for photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy.
Chloroplast.
Photosynthesis primarily occurs in this organelle of plant cells, where chloroplasts are abundant.
Chloroplast.
These weakened or inactivated forms of pathogens are used to stimulate the immune system and provide immunity without causing disease.
Vaccines.
In the absence of oxygen, this process follows glycolysis, converting pyruvate into lactic acid in animal cells or ethanol in yeast.
Fermentation.
Prokaryotic cells reproduce through a process called binary fission. In eukaryotic cells, this process involves the division of the cell's nucleus.
Mitosis.
Acting as the cell's outer boundary, this structure regulates the passage of substances in and out of the cell.
Cell membrane.
In the process of photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and water are converted into glucose and oxygen. What is the balanced chemical equation for this process.
6 CO2 + 6 H2O → C6H12O6 + 6 O2
These white blood cells are crucial for the immune response and can engulf and digest pathogens.
Macrophages.
This high-energy molecule, formed during cellular respiration, carries electrons to the electron transport chain, where ATP is generated.
NADH.
Eukaryotic cells are believed to have originated through a process known as endosymbiosis. Which two organelles within eukaryotic cells are thought to have originated from free-living prokaryotic organisms?
Mitochondria and Chloroplasts.