VOCAB 1
What is Urea?
A substance formed in the liver when proteins are broken down to be used for energy.
What is the Urethra?
The opening where urine is excreted from the body.
What is the urinary system?
A group of organs that produce, store, and eliminate urine. It filters blood of waste and excess water. The urinary system produces urine as its waste product, and consists of the kidneys, ureters, urethra, and bladder.
What is a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
Occurs when bacteria enters the urinary bladder and uriters through the urethra.
What does renal mean?
Relating to the kidneys.
What is the urinary bladder?
The organ that stores urine until it is ready to be excreted. It had elastic (expandable) walls to be able to store more urine.
What is a bladder leak?
Occurs when the muscles of the pelvis near the urethra are too weak to keep the urethra closed, so urine leaks out.
How does blood get to the kidneys?
Renal arteries, which then renal capillaries send blood to nephrons.
What is urination?
The process of excreting urine from the body.
Describe the Kidneys.
A pair of organs that filter blood of excess water to produce urine. The kidneys can filter up to 2,000 Liters of blood per day, but there are only 5.6 liters of blood in the body, so it completes around 350 cycles.
What is a kidney stone?
Occurs when salt and other wastes collect and solidify in the kidneys, and is very painful.
After blood is filtered, how does it get to the rest of the body?
The renal vein.
What are the ureters?
A pair of 2 tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.
What are the nephrons?
There are over one million nephrons in the kidneys. They remove wastes (like urea) from blood, and return important nutrients, like vitamins, amino acids, and glucose, to the blood.
What is urinalysis?
Urine can be analyzed to give more information about conditions in the body.
URINE COLOR: If dark amber/orange, it can indicate kidney failure or dehydration.
SMELLS FRUITY: May have diabetes.
LEVEL OF HORMONES: Can see if a woman is pregnant.
How does ADH regulate water levels?
ADH signals to the nephrons to take water when your blood needs more water. This results in less water in the urine, leading to less urination.
What is urine?
The waste product that is produced by the urinary system. It consists of water, toxins, wastes (ammonia and CO2), urea, excess salt, sugar, vitamins, and minerals.
Describe the Antidiuretic Hormone.
A hormone produced by the endocrine system that regulates water levels. ADH helps regulate urine and water intake levels.
Describe Kidney disease/failure.
Occurs when nephrons are damaged. The kidneys are unable to function correctly and may fail. Machines can be used to help the kidneys function.