Basics
DNA serves as a what for RNA?
Template
RNA polymerase II
True or false, some genes can have different splicing occur?
True
What are the two purines?
Adenine and guanine
What do topoisomerases do?
Break and rejoin strands, resolving knots and strains
True or false, transcription occurs in the same places in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
False
The transcription bubble is approximately ___ base pairs.
14
What are introns?
Non-coding regions
What are the two pyrimidines?
Thymine and cytosine
What does DNA polymerase III do?
Directs synthesis of new strands
What are promoter sequences?
Conserved DNA
How do RNA nucleotide tri-phosphates enter?
Channels
Where is the Poly A tail added?
3' end
What is a nucleoside?
A sugar and a base
True or false, DNA polymerase can only add onto a new strand?
False
What kind of helix is DNA in?
Double
What direction does the template strand grow in?
3-5
What are the two main functions of DNA?
Storing genetic information and copying itself
What is a nucleotide?
a nucleoside with one or more phosphate groups
The lagging strand has its 5' end at the fork; it must be synthesized in the _____ direction.
Opposite direction
True or false, translation begins after transcription is completed?
False
What is the 5' cap important for?
Ribosome recognition in the cytoplasm, which allows translation to occur.
What are the building blocks of nucleic acids?
Nucleotides
What are three phosphates called?
Triphosphate
Primase makes ___ primer.
RNA