Cell Biology
Which organelle makes energy for the cell?
Mitochondrion
What is the shape of DNA?
Double helix
What is the process where organisms with helpful traits survive and reproduce more?
Natural selection
What is the main source of energy for most ecosystems?
The Sun
What sugar is found in DNA?
Deoxyribose
What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus; prokaryotic cells do not
Eukaryotic cells are larger, more complex, and have membrane-bound organelles
What do the letters in a Punnett square represent?
Alleles
What word means a trait that helps an organism survive?
Adaptation
Which level of the food chain has the most energy?
Producers
What tool/molecule cuts DNA in specific places?
Restriction enzyme
What process do plants use to make glucose from sunlight?
Photosynthesis
How many cells are made in meiosis? Are they identical or genetically different?
4 cells are made that are genetically different
What type of evidence provides support for the theory of evolution?
Fossils; DNA; embryology
What do we call the largest number of organisms an area can support?
Carrying capacity
What process separates DNA by size?
Gel electrophoresis
What part of the cell controls what enters and leaves?
Cell membrane
Which word describes an organism's visible traits: genotype or phenotype?
Phenotype
What is it called when one species splits into two or more new species?
Speciation
What happens when a non-native species takes over an ecosystem?
It harms native species.
What do scientists do in genetic engineering?
Change or insert genes into a bacterial cell
Which type of respiration makes more ATP: aerobic or anaerobic?
Aerobic
A red flower (Rr) is crossed with a white flower (rr). What percent of the offspring will have red flowers?
50%
If two species have similar DNA, what does that suggest?
They are closely related/have a recent common ancestor
Name one way carbon moves from plants to the atmosphere.
Respiration
What is a medicine that is created using biotechnology?
Insulin; HGH