Cells
Proteins control the cell in healthy eukaryotic cells, causing cells to divide at a healthy rate. What is a disease caused by uncontrolled, abnormal cell dividision?
cancer
Known as the Father of Evolution for developing the scientific theory of evolution by natural selection. His groundbreaking work, particularly the 1859 book On the Origin of Species, established that all species descend from common ancestors through a process of descent with modification.
Charles Darwin
Genetic variation can increase the pace of evolution. Which would most likely increase genetic variation in a population?
A. Cloning
B. Twinning
C. Crossing over
D. Asexual reproduction
C. Crossing over
Crossing over is a genetic process occurring during prophase I of meiosis where paired homologous chromosomes exchange segments of DNA, creating new combinations of alleles (recombination). This increases genetic diversity in gametes
The chemical equations that sum up photosynthesis and cellular respiration have
many of the same substances because these two processes are interrelated. Which two
substances are the products of one of these processes and the reactants of the other
process?
F. oxygen and water
G. glucose and water
H. carbon dioxide and water
I. carbon dioxide and glucose
H. carbon dioxide and water
Humans breathe out CO2 and water
This biomolecule is responsible for DNA, as well as storing and transferring genetic information from parent to offspring
Nucleic Acids
This type of cell has no nucleus and have no membrane bound organelles
prokaryotic cells
Male birds of paradise have
extremely long, showy tail feathers.
Which of the following statements
best describes a selective advantage
for having this trait?
A. The bird is easier for predators
to spot.
B. The bird must eat more to
produce extra-large feathers.
C. The bird flies slowly because
of drag created by the
feathers.
D. The bird attracts more females
and therefore mates more
frequently.
D. The bird attracts more females
and therefore mates more
frequently.
This processes produces 4 genetically unique daughter cells and occurs only in gametes
meiosis
Holes in leaves that move co2 and water in and out of plants
Stomata
How do enzymes affect the reactions in which they take part?
F. Most enzymes slow down chemical reactions.
G. Enzymes are converted into products in the reaction.
H. Enzymes increase the activation energy of the reaction.
I. Enzymes decrease the activation energy of the reaction.
H. Enzymes increase the activation energy of the reaction.
This type of cell has a nucleus and membrane bound organelles. Plant and animal cells are these types of cells
Eukaryotic
The sequence of bases in a nucleotide of DNA makes up an organism’s genetic code.How could a change in a sequence of DNA bases affect an organism?
F. DNA could change into RNA.
G. The function of the resulting protein could change.
H. The DNA nucleotide could form an ATP nucleotide.
I. The gene could code for carbohydrates instead of proteins.
G. The function of the resulting protein could change.
This processes produces two identical daughter cells under the acronym PMAT
mitosis
Living things get the energy they need from carbohydrates such as glucose. What is
the relationship between carbohydrates and ATP?
A. ATP is a type of carbohydrate.
B. ATP produces carbohydrates in the cell.
C. Cells use carbohydrates to produce ATP.
D. ATP and carbohydrates react to form proteins.
C. Cells use carbohydrates to produce ATP.
This biomolecule has the monomer of a monosaccharaide. Sugars and starches are turned into this short term, quick burning ATP energy
Carbohydrates
These points describe what theory
Cell theory
Two species of finches are in competition for the limited resources of an ecosystem.
One species eats fruit and the second species eats seeds. If a third species of herbivore finches moves into the area, how will the ecosystem change?
A. Resources will be more abundant.
B. Water will become more available.
C. The climate of the ecosystem will change.
D. Fruit and seed resources will become less abundant.
D. Fruit and seed resources will become less abundant.
the corresponding DNA sequence to AAGGTTCGC would be
TTCCAAGCG
This processes occurs in the chloroplasts. It happens when solar energy is turned into chemical energy, which is then stored in the chemical bonds of glucose.
Photosynthesis
This biomolecule is made in the ribosomes of a cell. They then travel through the ER and are packaged and shipped around the cell by the Golgi Apparatus.
Protein
Many organelles in a cell are bound by membranes. Which organelles consist of membranous tubes and sacs and serve as part of the cell’s packaging and transport system?
F. mitochondria and lysosomes
G. mitochondria and chloroplasts
H. ribosomes and endoplasmic reticulum
I. Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum
I. Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum
If a heterozygous individual (Aa) were crossed with another heterozygous individual (Aa), what is the chance that their offspring would have a heterozygous genotype?
F. 0%
G. 50%
H. 75%
I. 100%
G. 50%
In humans, having freckles (F) is dominant to not having freckles (f). Having a cleft
chin (C) is also dominant to not having a cleft chin (c). Which statement is true of the
offspring of a cross between parents that are both heterozygous for both traits (FfCc)?
A. Any offspring with freckles must also have a cleft chin.
C. All of the offspring will be heterozygous for both traits.
B. Any offspring who does not have freckles must have a cleft chin.
D. The offspring could exhibit both traits, neither trait, or only one of the traits.
D. The offspring could exhibit both traits, neither trait, or only one of the traits.
This cellular processes happens following photosynthesis occurring in the mitochondria of cells. Stored chemical energy is transformed into ATP. This processes occurs in both plant and animal cells.
Cellular respiration
This biomolecule is a major structural component of cell membranes. It is insoluble in water and protects the cell by creating a barrier between the cells cytoplasm and environment. It helps maintain homeostasis in a cell by regulating what enters and exits the cell.
Lipids