Famous Figures
Established his theory of natural selection with a focus of "survival of the fittest".
Who is Charles Darwin?
An example of this mechanism of evolution is when a group of individuals break off from a population, causing a change in allele frequency for the new population.
What is genetic drift?
This is used to predict possible expected phenotypes for an individual based on the genotypes of their parents.
What is a Punnett Square?
The process by which a stressor causes a change in an organisms internal environment, and they emit a response to return to a stable internal environment.
What is homeostasis?
These are the 4 mechanisms of evolution.
What are natural selection, mutation, genetic drift, and gene flow?
Best known for experimenting on pea plants, this person determined that an offspring gets one allele from each parent, and found predictable ratios for offspring based on the parents genotype.
Who is Gregor Mendel?
This is the simple definition of evolution.
What is the change in gene frequencies over time?
Aa or Pp are examples of this type of genotype.
What is a heterozygote?
This is the ultimate source of genetic variation.
What is a mutation?
This nucleotide base is only found in RNA, and binds with adenine.
What is uracil?
Known as the "father of modern taxonomy", this man classified humans in the same order as primates.
Who is Carolus Linnaues?
These are things evolution is NOT.
What are totally random, untestable, and goal oriented.
In the Hardy-Weinburg equation, this is what the "2pq" represents.
What is the expected frequency of heterozygotes?
This has to exist in a population in order for a species to evolve.
What is genetic variation?
This scientist is the one that actually discovered DNA's double helix structure (without being recognized as the main contributor).
Who is Rosalind Franklin?
This man influenced Darwin and his theory of evolution focused on how individuals with beneficial traits got to reproduce and pass on those traits.
Who is Alfred Russell Wallace?
These are the 5 assumptions of the Hardy-Weinburg equilibrium, and they are used to determine if a gene's allele frequency will remain constant.
What are no mutations, no genetic drift, large population size, no natural selection, and random mating.
This is a type of trait that is controlled by two or more genes, ex: skin color.
What is polygenetic trait?
Statement that humans limbs tend to be longer in hot environments and shorter in cold environments.
What is Allen's rule?
This unusual trait is one of few examples of Mendelian inheritance in humans (for Potterheads, this is the flavor of jelly bean Dumbledore got in book 1).
What is earwax consistency?
This French naturalist theorized species evolved due to acquired characteristics.
Who is Jean-Baptiste Lamarck?
This occurs when new niches become available in an environment and a species rapidly evolves to fill these gaps.
What is adaptive radiation?
This type of speciation occurs when one species branches into multiple others over time.
What is cladogenesis?
What is biological race concept?
Although previously known for studying finches, Darwin went on to study these organisms for 8 years.
What are barnacles?