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Where is all that energy going?
Cycles go 'round and 'round
Adapting to Biomes
One Big Family
Cells!
100
What is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?
Autotrophs produce their own food, while heterotrophs rely on eating other organisms to gain energy.
100
What process do autotrophs do in order to produce energy?
- Photosynthesis
100
What is the difference between a behavior and physical adaptation? Give at least one example of each.
Physical adaptations are structural characteristics of organisms that help them survive. Behavioral adaptations are actions that organisms take that help them survive in their environment.
100
What does a LOGISTIC population growth graph look like and what is carrying capacity?
[Drawing] Carrying capacity is the maximum number of organisms an area can hold.
100
What are two differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Prokaryotes: smaller, nucleoid instead of nucleus, freely floating DNA, no organelles, unicellular organisms... Eukaryots: bigger, nucleus contains DNA, many organelles, complex organisms/multicellular...
200
Heterotrophs that only eat autotrophs are what type of consumer?
Herbivores
200
What process do heterotrophs do in order to turn what they eat into energy?
Cellular respiration
200
The very coldest biome is the...
Tundra!
200
What would happen to a hummingbird population if the birth rate increased and the death rate decreased?
Hummingbird population size would likely increase.
200
Without these two organelles, cells would not be able to produce energy, nor would they be able to package and transport important materials, like proteins.
Mitochondria and Golgi apparatus
300
What level of an energy pyramid contains the MOST energy and why?
The producer level or 1st trophic level because these organisms get energy directly from the sun. Every level after this only receives a small fraction of this energy.
300
Plants take in carbon from the atmosphere and produce what two compounds?
Glucose (C6H12O6) and Oxygen (O2)
300
What is the primary difference between coniferous forests and deciduous forests?
Coniferous forests are made up primarily of trees with needles for leaves. Deciduous forests, however, are primarily made up of trees with leaves that fall off during the fall.
300
What type of symbiosis is this: Mistletoe putting its roots into its host tree, absorbing the tree’s nutrients.
Parasitism
300
A particular cell contains a cell wall and a large vacuole. It also contains chloroplasts. What is the main function of chloroplasts, and why are they found in this particular cell?
Chloroplasts are found in plant cells and are the site of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is a plant's way of turning the sun's energy into usable energy, so chloroplasts are critical to this process.
400
What is the Rule of 10%?
The Rule of 10% explains that only 10% of energy is passed from one trophic level to the next, as 90% of energy is lost in the form of heat from animals growing, moving, breathing and similar life-sustaining functions.
400
What is one way that carbon eventually returns to the atmosphere?
Over millions of years, carbon in the ground becomes fossil fuels, like coal and oil. These fossil fuels are burned and carbon returns to the atmosphere as gas. Carbon is also returned to the atmosphere when plants die and the decaying matter is broken down by bacteria that turn it into carbon dioxide gas, returning it to the atmosphere. Carbon can also be returned when animals exhale carbon dioxide through cellular respiration.
400
Many more species of plants and animals live in a tropical forest than live in a savanna. What is the most likely reason for the difference between the tropical forest and the savanna? a. The savanna has less available sunlight. b. The savanna contains soil with sand. c. The savanna contains less water. d. The savanna has more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
c. The savanna contains less water.
400
What type of symbiosis is this: A bird building a nest in a tree.
Commensalism
400
Without this organelle, other cell organelles would pile on top of each other, and the cell would lose its shape. What organelle is this?
Cytoplasm
500
If the primary consumer level of an energy pyramid contained 847 Joules of energy, how much energy would the tertiary consumer level have?
8.47J (847J --> 84.7J --> 8.47J)
500
What role do bacteria play in making nitrogen available to plants?
Nitrogen fixating bacteria are positioned at the roots of plants. They take in the nitrogen in the soil and convert it to a form that is usable to plants, allowing the plants to absorb nitrogen and use it to make proteins.
500
Name three adaptations - physical or behavioral - that help the prairie dog survive in the grasslands.
1. Color - brown to blend in to surroundings (dirt, grass) 2. Live in protected holes in ground 3. Alert other prairie dogs when danger is near
500
Every year in mid-June, some cities in the country of Hungary are overtaken by adult mayflies. Within 72 hours, forest habitats are completely bare of leaves due to the flies. With no additional food available, describe what you would expect to happen to the mayfly population.
I would expect the mayfly population to decrease rapidly because there would not be enough food to sustain the population. It is also possible that the population would immediately migrate to a new location to find more abundant food.
500
Made up of this macromolecule, the cell membrane provides structure and support. Name the macromolecule and explain the structure of the cell membrane.
Lipids. Cell membranes are made up of two layers of lipids. The outer heads of phospholipids are hydrophilic, meaning they love water. The inner tails are hydrophobic, and are protected from water because they are surrounded by hydrophilic heads.