DNA Replication Enzymes
Unzips DNA molecule
DNA helicase
What is the central dogma of molecular biology?
DNA -> RNA -> Protein
What kind of cells are bacteria/Archaea?
Prokaryotic
Technically are viruses alive?
No
What is biology?
Scientific study of living things
Adds primers to start replication
RNA primase
Where are proteins made?
The ribosome
What do bacteria use for movement?
Flagella or cilia
Protein coat and genetic material
What are the 3 domains of living things?
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes
Builds new DNA molecule
DNA polymerase
What is transcription?
DNA -> RNA
What types of organisms can exist in harsh environments?
Archaea
Do antibiotics work for viral infections
No
What are the 5 kingdoms of living things?
Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists, Monera
Glues Okazaki fragments back together
DNA ligase
What is translation?
mRNA -> Protein
What is it called when bacteria/archaea share chunks of DNA (plasmids)?
Conjugation
How do viruses reproduce?
Infect a host and use their machinery
What is the difference between a genetic disease and an inherited disease?
Genetic diseases just mean it has a genetic cause (error in DNA) Inherited means it can be passed from parent to offspring
What direction does DNA polymerase work?
Think about how DNA is antiparallel
5' to 3'
Why doesn't the DNA just get sent out of the nucleus (why do we make an mRNA copy)
To protect it
What does gram testing tell you?
Amount of sugar in cell wall
What cycle is it called when a virus integrates its genetic material into the hosts DNA and remains dormant
Lysogenic cycle
What are the individual building blocks of proteins?