Taxonomy & Adaptations
The most specific level of classification.
What is species?
The time it takes for half of a radioactive substance to decay.
What is a half-life?
This diagram shows evolutionary relationships based on shared traits.
What is a cladogram?
This process produces gametes such as sperm and eggs.
What is meiosis?
This term describes how organisms with better traits survive and reproduce more.
What is natural selection?
The two-word scientific naming system.
What is binomial nomenclature?
If a sample has a half-life of 10 years, after 20 years this fraction remains.
What is 1/4?
A trait shared by organisms that comes from a common ancestor.
What is a derived characteristic?
Meiosis results in this many daughter cells.
What are four?
This scientist developed the theory of natural selection.
Who is Charles Darwin?
A physical or behavioral trait that helps an organism survive.
What is an adaptation?
The equation “Total magnification = eyepiece × objective” applies to this device.
What is a microscope?
The point where two branches split on a cladogram.
What is a node?
Homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material during this process.
What is crossing over?
This type of selection favors the average trait and selects against extremes.
What is stabilizing selection?
Structures that share a common ancestor, like a human arm and a bat wing.
What are homologous structures?
If the eyepiece is 10× and the objective is 40×, the total magnification is this.
What is 400×?
When unrelated species evolve similar traits due to similar environments.
What is convergent evolution?
Gametes are considered this because they contain one set of chromosomes.
What is haploid?
A change in the genetic makeup of a population over generations.
What is evolution?
The category that includes related species grouped together.
What is a genus?
Increasing magnification decreases this, the visible area of the slide.
What is the field of view?
The science of classifying organisms based on evolutionary history.
What is phylogeny?
The stage where homologous chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.
What is metaphase I?
These random changes in DNA can introduce new traits into a population.
What are mutations?