DNA + Cell Cycle
What is the base pair rule?
A-T
C-G
What is the central dogma of biology?
DNA to RNA to Protein
Is "blue eyes" an example of a genotype or phenotype?
phenotype
What is activation energy?
energy required to start a reaction
Provide examples of a producer, consumer, and decomposer.
producer: plant
consumer: animal
decomposer: fungi/worm
What is the product of mitosis?
2 identical cells
Provide two differences between DNA and RNA.
DNA: double stranded, deoxyribose, thymine
RNA: single stranded, ribose, uracil
How many chromosomes will be in a haploid cell if the diploid cell has 20 chromosomes?
10
What are the reactants of cellular respiration and where does this process occur?
glucose and oxygen
mitochondria
Provide the ecological levels in correct order from organism to biosphere.
organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere
What three enzymes are involved in DNA replication?
helicase, DNA polymerase, and ligase
What are the three types of RNA?
mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA
What type of flower would be produced following an incomplete dominant inheritance pattern if the dominant flower is red and the recessive flower is white?
pink
What three conditions may cause an enzyme to denature?
temperature, pH, and salt
What are trophic levels and why can a food chain only be so many levels?
energy levels
run out of energy (10% rule)
Draw a picture of a cell undergoing anaphase.
no visible nucleus, spindle fibers pull apart chromosome copies
What is a codon? What molecule is made up of codons?
3 nucleotide bases that code for an amino acid
mRNA
What is nondisjunction and what is the result?
Homologous chromosomes do not separate during meiosis, and results in monosomy/trisomy
Write the chemical formula for photosynthesis.
CO2 + H2O + light energy = C6H12O6 + O2
DAILY DOUBLE!!!
What are the four macromolecules studied in Biology?
Describe the process of gel electrophoresis.
DNA is loaded into a gel and places in a chamber with buffer and electricity is applied. DNA is negative and is attracted to the positive end of the gel. Bands of DNA separate by size to form different patterns for different DNA sequences.
What holds the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of protein structure together?
Primary: peptide bonds
Secondary: hydrogen bonds
Tertiary: amino acid interactions
Draw a pedigree with genotypes for the following family showing a recessive trait:
Heterozygous mother and Homozygous recessive father produce two carrier sons.
Half filled circle (Tt) horizontal line to solid square (tt), vertical line to two half filled squares (Tt)
Briefly describe or diagram the carbon cycle.
photosynthesis takes carbon out of atmosphere
cell respiration, decomposition, and combustion puts carbon into atmosphere
Provide examples of predation, parasitism, mutualism, and commensalism.
predation: wolf and moose
parasitism: tick and deer
mutualism: bee and flower
commensalism: birds and trees