Genetics
This genotype must be present for a recessive trait to be expressed
What is aa?
This process produces two identical cells
What is mitosis?
These are the correct DNA base pairs
What are A–T and C–G?
This is the process of making RNA from DNA
What is transcription?
This structure in the lungs allows gas exchange
What are alveoli?
This type of inheritance occurs when both alleles are equally expressed
What is codominance?
This process produces four genetically different haploid cells
What is meiosis?
This enzyme unzips the DNA strand
What is helicase?
This is the process of making a protein from mRNA
What is translation?
This muscle contracts to allow you to inhale
What is the diaphragm?
A cross between Aa × Aa results in this phenotype ratio
What is 3:1?
This phase of meiosis is when crossing over occurs
What is Prophase I?
This enzyme adds nucleotides during replication
What is DNA polymerase?
This structure is where proteins are made
What is the ribosome?
This heart chamber pumps oxygenated blood to the body
What is the left ventricle?
This inheritance pattern is more common in males and linked to the X chromosome
What is X-linked recessive?
This error in cell division results in extra or missing chromosomes
What is nondisjunction?
This type of replication means each new DNA strand has one old and one new strand
What is semi-conservative replication?
This type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome
What is tRNA?
These structures prevent blood from flowing backward in the heart
What are valves?
A person with genotype IAi will have this blood type
What is Type A?
Explain one key difference between mitosis and meiosis
(Mitosis = identical cells; Meiosis = variation + gametes)
Explain why accurate DNA replication is important
Prevents mutations and ensures proper cell function
Explain what happens if a codon is changed by a mutation
May change amino acid or protein structure
Explain why the small intestine is important
Main site of nutrient absorption