Steps of Conducting a Scientific Inquiry
This is a testable statement that gives a prediction about the reason or outcome for a scientific inquiry, often written in an "If... then..." format.
What is a Hypothesis?
This property describes water molecules sticking to other surfaces, which is key to how plants pull water from their roots.
What is Adhesion?
This class of macromolecule is the body’s main source of energy, and its smallest unit is called a monosaccharide.
What are Carbohydrates?
This term describes the process of a cell engulfing another cell but not eating it, but rather letting it live symbiotically within it.
What is Endosymbiosis?
This is the cell type that is mostly multicellular, comprise organisms who are sexually reproducing, and has a nucleus.
What are Eukaryotic Cells?
This type of data is numerical and is emphasized in science because it can be collected from measurements and analyzed using math.
What is Quantitative Data?
Due to the water having a positive charge on one end and a negative charge on the other end, water is considered this type of molecule, which allows it to dissolve many substances.
What is a Polar Molecule?
This macromolecule is a polymer made up of amino acids, and it is essential for forming new bones and muscles and fighting diseases.
What is a Protein?
This was the type of organism that thrived when earth had no oxygen in the atmosphere.
What are Anaerobic Prokaryotes?
This type of cell is typically larger and more complex, and its DNA is organized into multiple linear chromosomes as opposed to the other.
What is a Eukaryotic Cell?
This is the group in an experiment that does not receive the independent variable and is used solely for comparison to the experimental group.
What is the Control Group?
This phenomenon is a result of cohesive forces, causing a liquid's surface to resist rupture when placed under tension or stress, allowing insects to walk on water.
What is Surface Tension?
This protein catalyst speeds up biological reactions by lowering the amount of energy needed to start the reaction, known as the activation energy.
What is an Enzyme?
This scientist first proposed the Endosymbiotic Theory in the 1960s, suggesting that certain organelles were once independent bacteria.
Who is Lynn Margulis?
This is the name for the region in a prokaryotic cell where the free-floating, single, circular chromosome is located, as it lacks a true nucleus.
What is the Nucleoid?
Word Problem: A researcher is testing whether playing classical music affects the heart rate of mice. They measure the heart rate of one group of mice while classical music is playing. This is the factor the researcher is measuring for data.
What is the Dependent Variable (Heart Rate)?
This property allows water to make the temperature more mild in places where water is nearby land, compared to land without water near it.
What is High Specific Heat?
This macromolecule is composed of a glycerol molecule and three fatty acids, and its primary function is long-term energy storage and insulation.
What is a Lipid?
This was the "toxic" substance that began to accumulate in the atmosphere about 3.2 billion years ago, which led to the survival advantage of aerobic bacteria.
What is Oxygen?
This is the name for the two domains of life that are composed entirely of prokaryotic cells.
What are Bacteria and Archaea?
Word Problem: A pharmaceutical company wants to test if their new pill, 'Focus-Max,' improves concentration. They give 50 students the pill and 50 students a sugar pill (placebo). They then measure the number of errors each student makes on a standardized test. This is the Independent Variable, Dependent Variable, Experimental Group, and Control Group.
Independent Variable: Focus-Max pill (or placebo) / Dependent Variable: Number of errors on the test / Experimental Group: The 50 students who receive the Focus-Max pill / Control Group: The 50 students who receive the sugar pill (placebo).
This combination of properties is responsible for the process of transpiration in plants, allowing water to travel from the roots to the leaves against the force of gravity. List the properties and name the exact term of water traveling from roots to leaves in plants and moving against gravity.
What are Cohesive and Adhesive Properties, and what is Capillary Action?
This macromolecule is a polymer made of nucleotides, which are themselves composed of a five-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen-containing base.
What is a Nucleic Acid?
Put the events in order: aerobic prokaryotes thrive, anaerobic prokaryotes thrive, anaerobic and aerobic prokaryotes live together symbiotically, anaerobic engulf the aerobic prokaryotes, cyanobacteria appear in the fossil record
What is: 1. anaerobic prokaryotes thrive, 2. cyanobacteria appear in the fossil record, 3. aerobic prokaryotes thrive, 4. anaerobic engulf the aerobic prokaryotes, 5. anaerobic and aerobic prokaryotes live together symbiotically
This is the difference between the cell membrane (plasma membrane), the cell wall, and the capsule in a prokaryotic cell.
What is: the cell membrane is the innermost layer which surrounds the cytoplasm, the cell wall is the second innermost layer which provides additional protection and helps keep them from becoming dehydrated, and the capsule is the outermost layer which is a sticky coating that helps the bacteria attach to surfaces or other cells.