Charles Darwin
This is the book that Charles Darwin wrote that gave rise to Natural Selection
What is The Origin of Species?
This is the driving force behind Natural Selection. The continued existence of organisms which certain mutations/traits are best adapted (most fit) to their environment, with the extinction of others.
What is Survival of the Fittest?
This is any preserved evidence of an organism
What is a fossil?
This organelle is responsible for synthesizing proteins
What is a ribosome?
The presence of this organelle is what separates Prokaryotic cells from Eukaryotic cells
What is a nucleus?
These are the islands that Charles Darwin explored that gave rise to his theory of Natural Selection?
What are the Galapagos Islands?
This is a group of closely related organisms that are very similar to each other and are usually capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring
What is a species?
This is another term for Gene Flow
What is migration?
This step in protein synthesis is where DNA inside the nucleus is converted to mRNA
What is Transcription?
In this case of Non-Mendelian genetics where one allele is not dominant over another, resulting in a MIXING of the two alleles in the resulting offspring
What is Incomplete Dominance?
What is the HMS Beagle?
A process in the breeding of animals or plants by which the breeder chooses to perpetuate only those forms having certain desirable inheritable characteristics/traits.
What is Artificial Selection?
The various structures in different species having the same function but have evolved separately into different structures. There is no common ancestor.
What is an Analogous Structure?
This sort of mutation happens when a nucleotide is either added or subtracted from a DNA or mRNA strand
What is a Frame-Shift Mutation?
Muscles cells have a higher concentration of this certain organelle because of their high demand for energy to do work
What is mitochondria?
These are the animals that Charles Darwin is famously known to show how a species adapts to different environments (A great example of Adaptive Radiation)
What are Darwin's finches?
The loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population
What is the Founder Effect?
Organs or other body parts of animals that may appear different based on their appearance and difference in function, but have evidence of once sharing a common ancestor based on their similarity in skeletal structure.
What is a Homologous Structure?
This sort of mutation happens when a nucleotide is substituted for another within a sequence of DNA or mRNA
What is a Point Mutation?
These are the two end products of Photosynthesis
What are glucose (or sugar) and oxygen?
This is Charles Darwin's birthday
What is February 12, 1809?
A form of genetic drift. A sharp reduction in the size of a population due to environmental events (such as a natural disaster) or human activities
What is the Bottleneck Effect?
The diversification of a group of organisms from one common ancestor into multiple different forms filling different ecological niches/specialties (Ex. Darwin's finches or Hawaiian Honeycreepers)
What is Adaptive Radiation?
This is a special type of Point Mutation where the substituted nucleotide still codes for the originally intended Amino Acid
What is a Silent Mutation?
These are the phase/stages of Mitosis (In correct order)
What are Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase?