Biomolecules and Enzymes
Cells and Transport
Mitosis vs Meiosis
Protein Synthesis and Mutations
Genetics
Natural Selection and Evolution
FINAL JEOPARDY
100
This biomolecule is involved in breaking down large molecules for energy.
Proteins (enzymes)
100
This process specifically involves the movement of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher solute concentration to an area of lower solute concentration.
Osmosis
100
This process produces 2 identical diploid daughter cells.
Mitosis
100
Transcribe the following DNA strand into mRNA:
TAC GTA CCT
AUG CAU GGA
100
In shrimp, red body (R) is dominant to clear body (r).
What is the genotype and phenotype of a shrimp that is heterozygous?
Genotype: Rr
Phenotype: Red body
100
What does it mean if an organism is said to be "fit"?
(TWO CONDITIONS!)
It can survive and produce offspring
100
This process occurs during Meiosis I and is responsible for increasing genetic diversity in the resulting daughter cells.
Crossing Over
200
These two factors can denature an enzyme.
Temperature and pH
200
This type of transport uses ATP to move molecules against the concentration gradient.
Active Transport / Protein Pump
200
This portion of the cell cycle is when DNA is synthesized/duplicated/copied.
S Phase
200
The ability to control which genes are activated, leading to the formation of specialized cells, is known as..
gene expression
200
In plants, tall (T) is dominant to short (t). What is the probability of producing a tall pea plant from a cross between two hybrid tall pea plants?
75%
200
Heritable traits that increase an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce in its specific environment are called...
Adaptations
300
An advertisement for a health supplement for dogs claims to build lean muscle and strengthen tendons and ligaments, as well as provide quick energy.
Which two biomolecules must the supplement contain to provide these benefits?
Carbohydrates and proteins
300
Viruses cannot reproduce on their own and instead must trick a _________ to help it replicate.
host cell
300
Irregular, uncontrolled cell division can lead to...
tumors/cancer
300
This process occurs at the ribosome and produces an amino acid sequence from a strand of mRNA.
Translation
300
In guinea pigs, fluffy fur is dominant to thin fur.
In a cross between two guinea pigs with thin fur, what percentage of the offspring are expected to have fluffy fur?
0%
300
When bees cross-pollinate flowers from different populations, there is an increase in genetic variation as new alleles are exchanged. This is an example of...
Gene Flow
300
These THREE processes require energy to transport molecules into and out of the cell.
Protein pump, endocytosis, exocytosis
400
The enzyme pepsin is found only in the stomach. What would happen if this enzyme were placed in the intestines?
The enzyme would denature
400
This is the main function of the phospholipid bilayer
Maintain homeostasis / balance / equilibrium / controls what enters and leaves the cell
400
An organism's somatic cells have 42 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in its gametes?
21
400
If all your body cells came from the same stem cell and have the same DNA, what allows them to specialize and perform different functions?
The genes they express/ different genes
400
What is the expected phenotypic ratio from a dihybrid cross between two individuals who are heterozygous for both traits?
9 : 3 : 3 : 1
400
Random change in allele frequency within a population after a huge disturbance, such as a volcanic eruption or widespread disease, which causes a sharp decline in the population.
Bottleneck effect
400
These three processes INCREASE genetic variation in populations.
Gene flow, random mutations, genetic recombination
500
This biomolecule provides structure to plant cell walls in the form of cellulose and insect exoskeletons in the form of chitin.
Carbohydrates
500
Plant Cells, Viruses, and Bacteria all have what in common?
Genetic Material (DNA or RNA)
500
Difference in genetic material during meiosis:
Sister chromatids are visible in ____________, while homologous chromosomes are visible in ___________.
Meiosis II // Meiosis I
500
Type of mutation has the greatest impact on the amino acid sequence:
Substitution, Silent, or Frameshift
Frameshift
500
A father with type A blood and a mom with type AB blood have a child. What are the chances the baby is type O?
0%
500
In a population of rabbits, some are fast runners and others are slow runners. If a new predator is introduced who also runs fast, what will happen to the rabbit population over time?
Slow rabbits will die (unfit), faster rabbits survive and reproduce (fit)
500
These three processes during meiosis I create genetic variation in organisms.
Crossing Over/Recombination, Independent Assortment, and Chromosome Reduction