Nature of Science
An idea or explanation that you then test through study and experimentation
(hypothesis)
Which of the following describes a response to external stimuli?
-a woman drinks water when she is thirsty
-a boy eats food when he is hungry
-a rabbit runs away from a fox that is chasing it
-a person yawns when oxygen levels in the blood are low
-a rabbit runs away from a fox that is chasing it
What organelle is considered the powerhouse of the cell?
(mitochondria)
What process is used by plants to make energy and release oxygen into the atmosphere?
(photosynthesis)
Mitosis is this type of reproduction because it produces two genetically IDENTICAL offspring.
asexual
In the following experiment, state the independent variable: Johnny waters 3 plants with 50 mL, 10 mL, and 0 mL of water per day. The plants wilt, thrive, and don’t grow, respectively.
Amount of water
List 3 abiotic factors.
temperature, water, sunlight, soil, air (humidity, wind, gases), pH, salinity, altitude, and nutrients
What is the difference between an anabolic and catabolic pathway?
Anabolic: specific complex molecule is built from simpler molecules, Catabolic: broken down (catabolic) into simpler molecules
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine triphosphate
The longest phase in the life cycle of a cell where the cell is growing and performing normal cell functions. Includes G1, S, and G2 phases
interphase
In the following experiment, state the dependent variable: Johnny waters 3 plants with 50 mL, 10 mL, and 0 mL of water per day. The plants wilt, thrive, and don’t grow, respectively.
Plant growth
The relationship between barnacles and whales shows what kind of relationship?
(commensalism)
The organelle in a eukaryotic cell where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled, along with proteins and other materials that are exported from the cell. Equate to the assembly line in a manufacturing center
(Endoplasmic Reticulum)
What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?
oxygen
How many chromosomes are in a gamete?
23 chromosomes
What are the treatment groups: How do light intensity (low vs. high) and nutrient level (low vs. high fertilizer) interact to affect the growth rate of fast-growing plants over 14 days?
Low light + Low nutrients
Low light + High nutrients
High light + Low nutrients
High light + High nutrients
How does matter vs energy move through the ecosystem?
Matter cycles through, and energy flows
The process of bringing large particles into the cell. The membrane fold around the particles then pinches off producing a vehicle
endocytosis
What are the products of cellular respiration?
6CO2, 6H2O, 32ATP
Phase of mitosis where the chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles by spindle fibers attached to the centrioles.
Anaphase
What is the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning?
Inductive conclusions are probable, not certain (bottom-up), while deductive conclusions are certain if premises are true (top-down).
What is the difference between obligate and facultative mutualism?
(F: a type of symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit, but neither is critically dependent on the other for survival. O: critically dependent on each other for survival)
What is the difference between a peroxisome and a lysosome?
Lysosomes break down cellular waste using digestive enzymes, while peroxisomes detoxify harmful substances and break down fatty acids using oxidative reactions.
Movement of particles through the cell membrane from high to low concentrations without the use of energy
Passive Transport
What enzyme unzips the double-stranded DNA during DNA replication?
DNA Helicase