DNA Replication
What is DNA replication?
The biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule. This process occurs in all living organisms and is the basis for biological inheritance.
What is translation?
Decoding of a mRNA message into a polypeptide chain
What is transcription?
Process in which part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA is copied into a complementary sequence in RNA
What are the phases of the cell cycle?
G1, S phase, G2, Mitosis, and Cytokinesis
What are the names of all the base pairs?
Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine
What is the principle enzyme involved in DNA replication?
DNA polymerase
How many bases are in one codon?
Three
In the base pairing A - T, what does the T get replaced with?
U - Uracil
What happens in Prophase?
Phase of mitosis in which the cell prepares to divide by creating spindle fibers, dismantling the nuclear envelope and the centrioles move to opposite poles.
What are the phases of the cell cycle?
G1, S phase, G2, Mitosis, Cytokinesis
What is the backbone of DNA?
Nucleotides
What is the type of RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Where does translation take place?
Ribosomes
What happens in Anaphase?
Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell
What is the period of the cell cycle between cell divisions?
Interphase
Every nucleotide is made up of....
A sugar, a phosphate group, and a hydrogen atom.
How many possible codons and amino acids can there be?
64 possible codons, 20 amino acids
What does translation serve instructions for?
What amino acids will be in the polypeptide chain.
Does mitosis happen in a eukaryotic cell or prokaryotic?
What is apoptosis?
Programmed cell death
If this is the base sequence of a strand of DNA (A T G C C T), what would be the base sequence of the complimentary DNA strand?
( U A C G G A )
What is the amino acid chain called that is produced?
Polypeptide Chain
What does the cell produce from mRNA information?
Proteins
What is the division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells - NOT a part of mitosis
Cytokinesis
How do you calculate surface area to volume?
Surface area: Length x Width x # of sides
Volume: Length x Width x Height