Biology midterm partial review 1

Biology Review 1

100

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

Photosynthesis

200

The type of inheritance where you need TWO COPIES of a gene (one from each parent) in order to express it

Recessive trait

300

Reason why our muscles get sore when working out

Lactic acid fermentation

400

This macromolecule is responsible for making up a large part of the cell membrane.

What are LIPIDS

500

This acts as a catalyst to speed up reactions. It is specific to temperature and pH levels.

What is an ENZYME

Cells

100

This type of cell lacks a nucleus but has a cell wall

What is a Prokaryotic cell

200

This type of cell includes things like Chloroplast and cell walls.

What is plant cells

300

converts chemical energy in food to usable compounds

Mitochondria

400

This type of organelle is considered the storage unit of the cell. It can be very large inside

What is a Vacuole?

500

This has a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail.

phospholipids

Chemical Reactions

100

This is the process in which plants and other autotrophs use to create glucose

What is Photosynthesis?

200

This the process that is called the inverse of photosynthesis.

What is cellular respiration?

300

What is the energy currency of the cell? 

What is ATP 

400

This is the chemical equation for photosynthesis to cellular respiration.

What is C₆H₁₂0₆+6O₂?

500

 If oxygen is not available, cells will go to this method of creating ATP

Fermentation/Anaerobic Respiration

Take your chances

100

organisms that obtain energy by consuming other living things, including plants and animals.

heterotrophs

200

 What is the main pigment found in plant cells that drive the chemical reactions during photosynthesis? 

 Chlorophyll

300

RULE OF THUMB in osmosis

Water flows where solute is highest

400

 If the cell membrane needs to bring large molecules into the cell through a protein channel from HIGH to LOW concentration this is called

Facilitated diffusion

500

 List two parts to the cell theory: (2) 

 Basic unit of life is the cell
cells come from pre-existing cells

All living things are made up of cells

Biology Review 2

100

Name the process in which a NEW SPECIES is formed through natural selection

Speciation

200

What is the process in which RNA is copied from DNA

Transcription

300

This organelle is responsible for protein synthesis.

What is a ribosome?

400

Is mitosis a diploid or a haploid process?

DIPLOID

500

What is the process in which mRNA transfers instructions to the ribosome in regards to what protein needs to be made?

Translation