Experiment Setup
Which part of the scientific method is typically phrased as an "if-then" statement?
Hypothesis
If I am infected with a bacteria that causes strep throat, which type of symbiosis is this an example of?
Parasitism
Anything in the environment that can cause a mutation is called what?
mutagen
Who used x ray crystallography to get the very first image of DNA?
Rosalind Franklin
Summarize the central dogma of molecular biology, but INCLUDE transcription and translation in your description.
DNA is transcribed into RNA which is translated into protein
Which part of the scientific method involves setting up a process, with controls and control groups, to help support the hypothesis?
perform a controlled experiment
Which of the four major organic compounds would sucrOSE be an example of?
Carbohydrate
Cancer and cystic fibrosis are examples of what kind of mutations?
Harmful
Name the three molecules that make up an RNA nucleotide.
Phosphate group, ribose, and nitrogenous base (the nitrogenous base may be A, U, C, or G)
Which word describes how plants respond to a hypertonic environment?
plasmolysis
I am using a microscope to observe some cells. The microscope I'm using has a 10x ocular lens. If my total magnification is 400x, which objective lens am I using?
High power (40x)
Remember - Scanning is 4x, Low power is 10x
Maintaining a constant internal environment exemplifies which of the 6 major characteristics of life?
Homeostasis
A silent point mutation has no change in amino acid, making it an example of what kind of mutation?
Neutral
Name the four main differences between DNA and RNA
RNA is smaller, has Uracil, uses ribose, and is single stranded
(DNA is larger/longer, has thymine, uses Deoxyribose, and is double stranded)
Cellular respiration breaks down _______ to make _________. This process is associated with which organelle?
glucose
ATP
mitochondria
I'm conducting an experiment to determine if the time I feed my cat dinner has any affect on what time she will wake me up. The time I feed my cat dinner is considered what type of variable?
Independent
For an atom, name the location and charge of each of these:
Electron
Proton
Neutron
Electron - negative, orbits nucleus
Proton - positive, in nucleus
Neutron - neutral, in nucleus
Some bacteria develop ways to survive in the presence of antibiotics. This is an example of what kind of mutation?
Beneficial
What kind of RNA is used to carry information from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm?
What is the term used for breaking down water using light from the sun?
Photolysis
I'm growing plants at different soil pH's to determine whether the plants grow better in alkaline or acidic soil. I need to make sure all plants are grown at the same temperature. This make temperature an example of what?
constant
For each major organic compound, name the monomer unit:
Carb, protein, Lipid, nucleic acid
Carb - monosaccharide
Protein - amino acid
Lipid - fatty acid
Nucleic acid - nucleotide
A mutation that occurs in gametes and can be passed on to the next generation is called a _______ mutation.
germline
Describe the semiconservative model of DNA replication
Two new daughter molecules each contain one strand from the parent molecule and one strand of new bases
List the 5 structures found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
ribosomes, cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, cell membrane, and DNA/RNA