Biology Midterm Review

Cellular Organization

100

This level of organization is composed of cells of similar structure and function

Tissue

200

This is the basic unit of Life

The cell

300

This is the process by which cells become specialized in stucture and function

differentiation

400

These are the two main types of cells in multicellular organisms

Somatic cells and Gametic Cells

500

This is the process by which cells divide to produce new identical cells

Mitosis

Homeostasis and Cell Division

100

This is the process by which organisms maintain a stable internal environment

Homeostasis

200

This is the process by which organisms respond to changes in their environment

Stimulus response

300

This is the purpose of cell division in multicellular organisms

Growth and repair

400

This is the step in Mitosis where chrosomes are aligned in the center of the cell

Metaphase

500

This is the part of cellular division the cell spends the most of its time in

Interphase

Photosynthesis

100

This is the process by which plants convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into oxygen and glucose

Photosynthesis

200

These are the two main products of photosynthesis

Glucose and Oxygen

300

This is the pigment in plants that captures sunlight for photosynthesis

chlorophyll

400

This is the organelle where photosynthesis takes place

Chloroplast

500

This is the place in the chlorophyll where light independent reaction takes place

Stroma

Energy Flow and Cellular Respiration

100

This is the process by which energy is transferred from food molecules to ATP

Cellular Respiration

200

This is the process by which energy from the sun is converted into chemical energy by plants

Photosynthesis

300

This is the process by which decomposers break down dead organisms and return nutrients to the soil

Decomposition

400

How much energy is transferred in each trophic level?

10 percent

500

What are the three steps of cellular respiration?

1. Glycolysis

2. Citric Acid Cycle or Kreb Cycle

3. Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

Cell Components

100

This is the outermost layer of a cell that controls what enters and exits the cell.

cell membrane

200

This is the control center of a cell that contains the genetic material.

Nucleus

300

This is the jelly-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles

Cytoplasm

400

This organelle is responsible for protein synthesis

Ribosomes

500

This organelle is responsible for breaking down waste materials in the cell

lysosome