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Cell Structure & Function
Cell Transport
Biochemistry
Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
Mitosis & DNA Replication
100
Name 3 organelles found in a plant but not an animal cell.
Cell wall, chloroplast, large vacuole
100
What is the process of keeping internal conditions stable?
Homeostasis
100
What is the function of a carbohydrate?
Provide energy
100
Where do the light reactions and Calvin cycle take place?
Light reactions - thylakoid membrane Calvin cycle - stroma
100
List the phases of mitosis in order
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
200
Which organelle will help to break down old material and waste?
Lysosome
200
What is the difference between active and passive transport?
Passive uses kinetic energy Active uses ATP energy
200
What are the building blocks of proteins?
amino acids
200
Which 2 energy sources power the Calvin cycle?
NADPH & ATP
200
What is the period of cell growth between cell division?
Interphase
300
What is the difference between the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Rough has ribosomes attached - exports proteins Smooth - no ribosomes - regulates calcium, makes steroids, lowers levels of toxins.
300
When an egg is placed in vinegar, it swells. What form of osmosis is this?
Hypotonic
300
List the 6 major elements all living organisms contain.
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur
300
How do temperature and light intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis?
Temperature - Increase, level off, decrease Light intensity - Increase, level off
300
List the 3 major steps of replication, including the enzymes.
1. DNA unwinds 2. Helicase breaks hydrogen bonds 3. DNA polymerase adds new nucleotides to leading continuously and lagging strands in okazaki fragments. Ligase attaches the fragments.
400
What regulates the material that enters and exits the cell?
Cell/plasma membrane
400
What type of molecules pass through the membrane by facilitated diffusion?
Glucose - passive transport, uses membrane proteins
400
List the 4 functional groups of proteins.
Amino, Carboxyl, Hydrogen, R group
400
What are the two types of anaerobic respiration?
Lactic acid & Alcoholic fermentation
400
Provide 2 pieces of evidence that prove which base pairs always match up.
A/T - same percentage (purine + pyrimidine) C/G - same percentage (purine + pyrimidine)
500
Name 2 differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
eukaryotic - membrane bound nucleus and organelles prokaryotic - no membrane bound nucleus or organelles
500
Why does the cell need to pump 3 sodium out and 2 potassium in?
To create an electric potential.
500
Provide 2 differences between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.
Saturated have single bonds and are solid at room temp. Unsaturated have 1+ double bonds and are liquid at room temp.
500
How many ATP are made during each step of aerobic respiration?
Glycolysis - 2 ATP Krebs cycle - 2 ATP Electron Transport - 34 ATP
500
What is similar to daughter cells created by binary fission and mitosis.
They are genetically identical to the parent cell. There are two cells created.