Plasma Membrane
This end of the phospholipid molecule, which faces the cytoplasm and the outside of the cell is attracted to water, or __________________
Hydrophilic
The organelles where proteins and lipids are stored and modified to suit the needs of the cell.
Golgi apparatus
Other than the nucleus, which organelle contains DNA?
Mitochondria
A cell produces a protein that will be used by other cells. When it releases the protein to the outside of the cell, has it performed secretion, egestion, or excretion?
Secretion
Name one statement of the cell theory.
Any of these are correct:
All living things are made of cells.
The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in living organisms.
All cells come from other cells.
Every so often in the plasma membrane, among the phospholipids, you find one of these large molecules, which can serve as active transport sites
Proteins
A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape, and aids in movement
Cytoskeleton
What is the opposite of plasmolysis?
Cytolysis
Which process requires energy: diffusion, endocytosis, or passive transport?
Endocytosis
What is a membrane-bounded "sac" that transports large molecules through the plasma membrane?
Endocytic vesicle (or just vesicle)
This fatty acid tail end of the phospholipid is described as ______________ which means repelled by water
Hydrophobic
Non-membrane bound organelles responsible for protein synthesis.
Ribosomes
Who did NOT make contributions to the cell theory?
Van Leeuwenhoek, Schwann, or Virchow?
Van Leeuwenhoek
Diffusion is the movement of particles from areas of ________ concentration to areas of _________ concentration
greater; lesser
What do prokaryotic cells lack, that eukaryotic cells have?
A nucleus
(can also say membrane-bounded organelles)
What do we call the movement of molecules through the plasma membrane according to the dictates of osmosis or diffusion?
Passive transport
An organelle largely composed of an extensive network of folded membranes that performs several task within a cell
Endoplasmic reticulum
What is plasmolysis?
The collapse of a walled cell's cytoplasm due to a lack of water
What kind of cellular activity/transport could continue if the cell's mitochondria stop working?
Diffusion and osmosis, but no active transport
Where does photosynthesis occur?
In the chloroplast
What do we call a model proposing that the plasma membrane is composed of a mosaic of components (mainly phospholipids, proteins, and cholesterol) that are free to move fluidly within the plane of the membrane?
Fluid mosaic model
The organelle in animal cells responsible for hydrolysis reactions that break down proteins, carbohydrates (polysaccharides, disaccharides), and some lipids.
Lysosome
What are three types of passive transport? Do they require energy? Why?
Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. No, the do not require energy because they move molecules WITH their concentration gradient.
What are three types of active transport? Do they require energy? Why?
Pumps, endocytosis, and exocytosis. Yes, they require energy because they move molecules AGAINST their concentration gradient.
Where does cellular respiration (energy production) occur?
Mitochondria