Vocabulary
The process by which cells convert glucose into ATP
Cellular Respiration
What Factors affect your genetic makeup? (3)
Spiritual Factors, Environmental Factors, Lifestyle Factors
Where is DNA found in Eukaryotic cells?
Nucleus
How many chromosomes do humans typically have?
23 pairs OR 46 chromosomes
A radical change in the DNA of one or more alleles
Mutation
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
In DNA, which bases pair together
A-T,
C-G
Adenine and Thymine pair together
Guanine and Cytosine pair together
What are the genotypes for male and female
Male: XY
Female: XX
Proteins in your immune system that attack specific antigens
Antibody
How many nitrogenous bases are there in DNA?
4 (four)
Complete this Punnett square
See paper
How many VIABLE male gametes are produced in Meiosis? How many VIABLE female gametes are produced in Meiosis? What are they called?
Male: 4 sperm
Female: 1 egg/ovum
A diagram that follows a particular phenotype through several generations
Pedigree
Name the 4 nitrogenous bases that are found in DNA
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
What is the difference between haploid and diploid cells? Give an example of each
Haploid cells (n) only have one allele. This only occurs in gametes as two gametes come together in fertilization to form a zygote.
Diploid cells (2n) have a pair of alleles. Most plant and animal cells are diploid.
How many copies of a recessive trait do you need in order for it to be expressed? How many copies of a dominant trait do you need for it to be expressed?
Recessive traits require 2 copies to be expressed. Dominant traits require one copy to be expressed.
When this substance enters the blood, antibody production is triggered
Antigen
What is DNA made up of?
Deoxyribose (sugar), nitrogenous base, phosphate group
What is the difference between Meiosis and Mitosis
Mitosis= Asexual reproduction to repair/replace cells. Creates a clone copy of the parent cell.
Meiosis forms gametes for sexual reproduction. The gametes are haploid
List 3 principles of heredity (There are 4 total)
* Traits are determined by genes,
*Each organism has 2 alleles for any given trait,
*each parent contributes one allele to its offspring(sexual reproduction)
*If a dominant allele exists in an organism that trait will be expressed