Mitosis
what is the primary purpose of mitosis in cells
Growth and repair
what is the main purpose of meiosis
to create gametes (sperm and egg)
What does DNA stand for
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
What is the primary purpose of reproduction?
to produce offspring and ensure the continuation of the species.
what does DNA store
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes align in the middle of the cell?
Metaphase
During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?
Anaphase 1
Double helix
What are the two main types of reproduction?
asexual and sexual reproduction
what is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotes have no nucleus and organelles eukaryotes have both.
In which phase of mitosis does the nuclear membrane begin to break down and the spindle fibers start to form?
Prophase
What is the result of independent assortment during meiosis?
Genetic variation is increased
What is the difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA is double stranded and contains the sugar deoxyribose while RNA is single stranded and contains the sugar ribose
In sexual reproduction what is the role of gametes?
to carry half of the genetic information from each parent and combine during fertilization to form a new organism
what are the main phases of the cell cycle
Interphase mitosis and cytokinesis
What is the stage called for the process in which the cytoplasm divides resulting in two separate daughter cells after mitosis?
Cytokinesis
How many daughter cells are produced at the end of meiosis, compared to how many they had originally
Four daughter cells, each with half the chromosome number of the original cell
In DNA replication which enzyme is responsible for adding new nucleotides to the growing DNA strand?
DNA polymerase
What is fertilization, and where does it typically occur in humans?
Fertilization is the process where a sperm cell from the male fuses with an egg cell from the female, resulting in the formation of a zygote it occurs in the fallopian tube
Describe the stages of human development from fertilization to birth,
Fertilization, Early development, Embryonic stage, Fetal stage, Labor and Birth,
What is the role of the checkpoint during metaphase in mitosis
to ensure the chromosomes are aligned properly
In which stage of meiosis does the second round of division occur, and how does it differ from the first round?
Meiosis II, where sister chromatids are separated
What is a mutation in DNA and what is it caused by
A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence. This can occur due to errors in DNA replication or exposure to environmental factors like radiation or chemicals.
What is the difference between internal and external fertilization?
internal fertilization occurs when the sperm fertilizes the egg inside the female's body
External happens when sperm and egg meet outside the female's body
list the 5 types of sexual reproduction
External fertilization, internal fertilization, Hermaphroditism, Alternation of generations, Parthenogenesis