Tree Talk
Similarity due to shared ancestry.
Homology
What does NCBI stand for?
National Center for Biotechnology Information
Mutations that have no effect on an organism’s evolutionary fitness.
Neutral mutation
Unresolved pattern of divergence.
What does SNP stand for?
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
Who proposed the three domains of life?
Carl Woese
The exchange of similar kinds of nucleotides (purine-purine or pyrimidine-pyrimidine).
Transition
Tool commonly used to compare sequences to databases and calculate match significance.
BLAST
Includes an ancestor and all of its descendants.
What is the meaning of ITS?
Internal Transcribed Spacer
What are the three ecological components in Whittaker’s five-kingdom system?
producer, consumer, and decomposer
In Sanger sequencing, growing chains are terminated by _______.
dideoxynucleotide
Replacement of a purine with a pyrimidine, or vice versa.
Transversion
Type of tree; Root is the common ancestor of all the taxonomic units under study.
Rooted Tree
In electrophoresis, DNA samples are placed into a/an _______ gel.
Agarose
Recognized as the closest known prokaryotic relatives to complex life.
Asgard archaea
Type of polymorphic DNA sequences ranging from 1 to 8 base pairs.
STR
Model of DNA evolution with equal base frequencies, one transition rate, and one transversion rate.
Kimura 2-parameter
Amendments to Linnaean Natural System to accommodate the uncovered depth of unicellular eukaryotic diversity.
Empire
A hypothesis that states the following: amount of genetic difference between sequences as a function of time since separation
Molecular Clock
In an unrooted tree with four external nodes, the internal branch is referred to as the _______.
Central Branch
Similarity due to gene duplication.
Paralogy
What does NCBI stand for?
National Center for Biotechnology Information
What are the two types of STR?
Y-STR and autosomal
a sequence that represents a group of similar sequences shared by two or more biological entities, which a multiple-sequence alignment can evidence
consensus sequence