Biology as Science
_________is a branch of science that deals with the study of living organisms, their composition, roles, and interactions in the environment.
BIOLOGY
What are the five phases of mitosis in order?
Prophase
Prometaphase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Who is the notable proponent of spontaneous generation or abiogenesis in the 19th century?
Aristotle
Who is credited with observing cork under a microscope and introducing the term "cellulae" to describe the small chambers he observed, even though his contributions were mostly descriptive rather than theoretical?
A) Robert Hooke
B) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
C) Matthias Schleiden
D) Rudolf Virchow
A) Robert Hooke
Give at least 3 treatments to cancer.
Chemotherapy
Immunotherapy
Radiation therapy
Surgery
Targeted therapy
What is the name of experiment conducted by Louis Pasteur that refutes the concept of spontaneous generation and providing evidence for the existence of microorganisms?
Pasteur's Swan Neck Flask Experiment
Which phase of mitosis do the sister chromatids line-up at the metaphase plate?
Metaphase
What environmental factors can cause skin cancer?
A. Eating a healthy diet.
B. Regular health consultation.
C. Taking vitamins and supplements
D. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation from sunlight.
D. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation from sunlight.
Which of the following describes accurately the differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
A. Compared to eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells are bigger and more complex.
B. Prokaryotic cells include ribosomes, but eukaryotic cells do not.
C. While prokaryotic cells are always multicellular, eukaryotic cells are usually unicellular.
D. Prokaryotic cells lack a true nucleus, while eukaryotic cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus
D. Prokaryotic cells lack a true nucleus, while eukaryotic cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus
How do organelles work together to maintain cellular homeostasis and overall organismal function? Provide examples and insights to support your discussion.
Organelles work together to maintain homeostasis by each performing different jobs that keep the cell alive.
1. The nucleus controls cell activities by regulating gene expression, thus ensuring the cell functions properly.
2. Mitochondria produce ATP, the energy currency of the cell, which powers cellular processes.
3. The endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus are involved in protein synthesis and processing, ensuring proteins are correctly made and sent to their proper locations.
4. Lysosomes break down waste materials and cellular debris, helping to keep the cell clean and functioning efficiently.
5. The cell membrane regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell, maintaining the balance of nutrients, ions, and water.
Which notable experiment, replicated the conditions found in the early Earth's atmosphere, generating a rich "primordial soup" containing organic molecules like amino acids, vital for the emergence of life?
(Click this video: https://youtu.be/NNijmxsKGbc?si=qycK81bAI-kpUk_s)
a. Charles Darwin Experiment
b. Pasteur's Experiment
c. Watson-Crick Experiment
d. Miller-Urey Experiment
d. Miller-Urey Experiment
At which phase will chromatin condense to form chromosomes?
Prophase
All of the following are professions relate to biology, EXCEPT__________.
a. Microbiology
b. Ecology
c. Accounting
d. Environmental Science
c. Accounting
Arrange the following into the correct hierarchical organization in living organisms.
Tissues, molecules, cells, organs, organ systems
Molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems
How does cytokinesis differ between animal and plant cells?
A. In animal cells, during cytokinesis a cell plate will form while a cleavage furrow is formed by microfilaments in plants.
B. Both animal and plant cells form a cleavage furrow during cytokinesis
C. Both animal and plant cells form a cell plate during cytokinesis
D. In animal cells, cytokinesis involves the formation of a cleavage furrow mediated by microfilaments, while in plant cells, a cell plate forms with the help of the Golgi apparatus and vesicles
D. In animal cells, cytokinesis involves the formation of a cleavage furrow mediated by microfilaments, while in plant cells, a cell plate forms with the help of the Golgi apparatus and vesicles
Which of the following is NOT one of the traditional major divisions of the biological sciences?
A. Botany C. Microbiology
B. Zoology D. Anthropology
D. Anthropology
What process aids the creation of two identical daughter cells by a microfilament forming a cleavage furrow (in animal cells)?
a. Anaphase
b. Telophase
c. Cytokinesis
c. Cytokinesis
Which of the following statements of the cell theory's fundamental concepts is correct?
A) Only multicellular organisms are made of cells.
B) The cellulose-based cell wall is stiff and present in every cell.
C) Cells are the basic structural and functional units of all living organisms.
D) Prokaryotic cells have nuclei, whereas eukaryotic cells do not.
C) Cells are the basic structural and functional units of all living organisms.
Which of the following best describes the role of apoptosis in the life cycle of a cell?
a. Apoptosis promotes cell growth and division by eliminating damaged DNA
b. Apoptosis triggers the formation of new organelles within the cell
c. Apoptosis enhances cellular communication and signaling pathways
d. Apoptosis prevents excessive cell proliferation and eliminates damaged or unnecessary cells
Apoptosis prevents excessive cell proliferation and eliminates damaged or unnecessary cells
Which of the following best describes how a stimulus might cause an organism to react in a predictable way?
A. Someone being startled by an abrupt, loud noise
B. Sunlight enables plants to undergo photosynthesis
C. Cell respiration generates energy within cells.
D. Food in the stomach is broken down by digestive enzymes.
A. Someone being startled by an abrupt, loud noise
What is the importance of cell division in living organisms?
Reproduction, Growth, Development and Repair (Cell Replacement
What is the difference between "abiogenesis" and "biogenesis"?
Abiogenesis describes the origination of life from non-living things while biogenesis describes the origination of life from pre-existing living forms.
Which scientist introduced the concept that cells only arise from pre-existing cells, thereby adding the idea of cell division to the cell theory?
A) Robert Hooke
B) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
C) Matthias Schleiden
D) Rudolf Virchow
D) Rudolf Virchow
Which of the following choices is an example of a microscope commonly used in laboratories?
a. Mass Spectrometer
b. Optical or Light Microscope
c. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
d. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) machine
Optical or Light Microscope
What is cancer?
a. A malignant growth resulting from uncontrolled cell division
b. A segment of DNA that controls the production of a protein
c. An arrangement of chromosomes used to detect genetic abnormalities
d. None of the above
a. A malignant growth resulting from uncontrolled cell division