Unit 1
What is a niche?
A niche is a special function or role that an organism does in an ecosystem.
What is a pluripotent cell? What is a multipotent cell?
Pluripotent cells: Can become any cell type found in the body.
Multipotent cells:Can become some cell types but not all cell types.
What does an enzyme do?
An enzyme speeds up the process of breaking down macronutrients.
Why do we need ATP?
ATP powers out entire body, without it our body wouldn't have the energy to function.
What does biotic mean? What does abiotic mean?
Biotic:A living component within a ecosystem.
Abiotic:A non-living component within a ecosystem.
What does a nerve cell do?
A nerve cell transfers information throughout the body.
Why can some people not tolerate lactose?
Some people can't tolerate lactose because they are lacking the enzyme that is used to break it down (lactase) which means the non-broken down lactose goes throughout the entire body and ends up with bacteria fermenting it causing gas, diarrhea, vomiting, etc.
What is glycolysis?
Glycolysis is when glucose enters the cell and gets broken down into 2 pyruvate's.(also 2 ATP comes out of this step)
Why is biodiversity important?
The more diverse an ecosystem is the more likely an ecosystem will survive, because if one species dies off there are plenty other food sources to choose to eat from.
Why is the shape of a cell so important?
Bonus:What happens when the cell is misshapen?
The shape of the cell helps the cell do its job.
Ex: A nerve cells dendrites connect to other neurons and help the nerve cell pass information throughout the body.
Bonus:If a cell was misshapen it wouldn't be able to do it's job and would disrupt homeostasis.
What enzyme breaks down protein? What does protein break down into?
The enzyme that breaks down protein is called protease, and it breaks it down into amino acids.
What is the Krebs cycle?
The Krebs cycle is when the 2 pyruvate's go into the mitochondria and CO2 and 2 ATP comes out of it.
What does HIPPCO stand for?
Habitat destruction, Invasive species, Pollution, Population growth, Climate change, and Overharvesting.
What is the difference between a animal cell and a plant cell?
How does an enzyme break down a substrate?
The enzyme is like a puzzle piece fitting perfectly into specific substrates if another substrate tries to fit into it, it just won't fit and that substrate won't be broken down. (a enzyme used to breakdown protein cannot breakdown a carbohydrate)
What is ETC
ETC is when oxygen enters the cell and goes into the mitochondria, water comes out of this step and 32 ATP comes out of this step as well.
What are some human impacts on dying ecosystems?
Overharvesting, pollution (air and water), climate change, etc.
Shrunk cell is when all the water in your vacuole leaves making your cell shrink because its not full of water anymore. Turgid cell is when too much water is in the vacuole and it could cause the vacuole to burst.
What organs do substrates get broken down into?
Mouth, stomach, and small intestine.
What do alveoli do?