Cells
What is the "control center" of the cell?
The Nucleus
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans typically have?
23 pairs (46 total)
A roan cow (red and white hairs) is crossed with a white cow. What are the expected offspring genotypes and phenotypes?
(50%) Roan (RW), (50%) White (WW)
What is natural selection?
It is the process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
How do primary producers obtain energy?
Photosynthesis
What are the three main stages of the cell cycle?
The cell cycle consists of interphase, mitosis (M phase), and cytokinesis
What are the two main stages of protein synthesis?
Transcription and Translation
If you cross a heterozygous short-haired guinea pig with a long-haired guinea pig, what are the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios of the offspring
50% (Ss) (short hair) and 50% (ss) (long hair)
Is evolution random?
it is a non-random process that preserves advantageous traits.
What organism is in the second trophic level?
Herbivores/primary consumers
What is the G0 phase?
The resting stage
A red flower (RR) is crossed with a white flower (WW) and the progeny is pink. What is this example of?
Incomplete dominance
Which process creates gametes (sperm and egg cells)?
Meiosis
What are the 3 domains of life?
Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya.
Non living
What is the correct order of the four phases of mitosis?
The sequence is Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase (often remembered as PMAT).
What is the difference between a genotype and a phenotype?
The genotype is the genetic makeup while the phenotype is the observable trait.
A color-blind man marries a woman who is a carrier for color blindness. What is the probability that they will have a color-blind son?
There is a 25% chance overall of having a color-blind son (or a 50% chance among just the male offspring)
what breaks down organic matter and absorb it?
Fungi
what is Biotic
Living
The nuclear envelope reforms around the two sets of chromosomes during
telophase
If two parents are heterozygous for a trait (Aa) times (Aa), what is the probability of having a recessive offspring (aa)?
25% or 1/4
Two parents both have widow’s peaks. Their first child has a continuous hairline. What are the genotypes of the parents?
Since both parents show the dominant trait but carry the recessive allele, they must both be heterozygous (Ww).
who is Charles Darwin
Charles Darwin (1809–1882) was an English naturalist and biologist best known for developing the theory of evolution by natural selection
Examples of biotic
Living organisms (animals, plants, bacteria)