Genetics
the amount of chromosome pairs in a body cell
what is 23 pairs (46 chromosomes)?
two organelles within cells that deal with photosynthesis and cellular respiration
what are chloroplasts and mitochondria?
the name of the three bases on mRNA
what is a codon?
meiosis partakes in cell division this many times
what is twice?
organisms gradually growing or changing forms whilst still maintaing specific characteristics
what is evolving?
the form DNA takes when the cell is resting
what is chromatin?
theory stating that cells are the smallest unit of all organisms, all living things are made of cells, and all are formed from pre-existing cells
what is cell theory?
translation takes place in this organelle
what is a ribosome?
cell division that is good for healing damages cells and encourage growth within cells
what is mitosis?
scientist that developed the theory of evolution by natural selection
who is charles darwin?
the resulting offspring has a BLENDING of traits
what is incomplete dominance?
in a hypertonic solution, the cell....
what is loses water and shrinks?
the replacement of thymine (T) in RNA
what is uracil (U)?
phase of mitosis where two new nuclei begin to form
what is telophase?
an organism's ability to survive, reproduce, and pass on its genes to the next generation
what is fitness?
with disorders, females are only affected if this amount of x alleles are inherited with the recessive disorder
what is both alleles?
the light-dependent reaction takes place in this part of the chloroplasts
what are the thylakoids?
a nucleotide is substituted for another during translation
what is a substitution mutation?
the exchange of chromosomal segments between a pair of homologues chromosomes during prophase 1 of meiosis
what is crossing over?
the four points of natural selection
variation, competition, survival, and reproduction
the ratio of phenotypes by a RrYy × RrYy cross
what is 9:3:3:1?
the molecule that an enzyme binds to in order to catalyze a reaction
what is a substrate?
deletion, insertion, and substitution mutations are known as gene mutations whilst duplications, inversions, and translocations are known as these mutations
what are chromosomal mutations?
nondisjunction (the failure of chromosomes to separate correctly) takes place during these phases
what are anaphases 1 and 2?
the person who created the theory that organisms pick helpful traits and pass them onto their offspring
who is Lamarck?