Definitions
Define aerobic respiration
chemical reactions that take place in cells when they have oxygen; glucose and other nutrients are broken down to release energy
State the reactants of aerobic cell respiration
glucose + oxygen
What are the reactant and the product of glycolysis?
Reactant: glucose
Product: pyruvate
State the waste product released in gas exhange
carbon dioxide
The trachea divides into right and left....?
bronchi
Define lactic acid
the product of anaerobic respiration in animals
State the word equation for aerobic cell respiration
glucose + oxygen --> water + carbon dioxide
How many carbon atoms does pyruvate have?
3
State the name of the movement of gases
diffusion
State how trachea is supported to avoid collapse
through rings of cartilage
Define gas exchange
diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide into and out of an organism
State the word equation for anaerobic cell respiration in animals
glucose --> lactic acid
Where does Krebs cycle happen?
mitochondria
State 3 features of good gas exchange surfaces
thin, close to a transport system, large surface area, good supply of oxygen
When we inspire air, the diaphragm...?
contracts / is lowered
Define alveoli
tiny air-filled sacs in the lungs where gas exchange takes place
State the balanced chemical equation for aerobic cell respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6H2O + 6O2
In which step of aerobic cell respiration is a large amount of ATP produced?
the last one (oxidative phosphorylation)
State the % of oxygen present in inspired air
21%
contract
Cells found in the lining of respiratory passages and digestive system, which secrete mucus
State the balanced chemical equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast
C6H12O6 --> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
Which substance has 2 carbon atoms and enters the Krebs cycle?
acetyl-CoA
State the % of CO2 present in expired air
4%
To expire air, the pressure of the thorax must be ....... than the pressure of the air
higher