Fundamental Vocab
A cell without a nucleus
(prokaryotic, eukaryotic, plant, animal)
What is prokaryotic
A molecule that speeds up chemical reactions in cells
(DNA, enzyme, lipid, RNA)
What is an enzyme
A cell with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
(bacteria, virus, eukaryotic cell, prokaryotic cell)
What is a eukaryotic cell
Observable characteristics of an organism
(genotype, allele, phenotype, gene)
What is a trait/phenotype
This is the study of life
(chemistry, biology, astronomy, botany)
What is biology
A cell with two sets of chromosomes in its nucleus
(triploid, haploid, diploid, eukaryotic)
What is a diploid cell
The building blocks for proteins
(nucleotides, monosaccharides, amino acids, disaccharides)
What is an amino acid
Part of the cell where ATP is produced
(lysosome, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum)
What is mitochondria
Different forms of a gene (ex: blue eye gene or green eye gene)
(alleles, genotype, phenotype, traits)
What are alleles
A genotype with two dominant alleles, such as AA
(heterozygous, homozygous recessive, homozygous dominant, phenotype)
What is homozygous dominant
Change in a population over time
(evolution, biome, ecology, artificial selection)
What is evolution
These molecules make up most of the cell membrane
(phospholipids, nucleotides, monosaccharides, proteins)
What are phospholipids
Control center of the cell where genetic information is stored
(nucleus, ribosome, chloroplast, cell membrane)
What is nucleus
During transcription, adenine pairs with this base
(thymine, cytosine, guanine, uracil)
What is uracil
A cell is in a solution, and over time the cell gets larger. Is the solution hypertonic or hypotonic?
What is hypotonic
The diffusion of water
What is osmosis
Some insects can stand on the surface of water because of these TWO properties of water (pick one)
What is cohesion and adhesion
Part of the cell that makes proteins
What are ribosomes
mRNA is read in these 3-base segments that code for an amino acid
What are codons
Humans have haploid reproductive cells. If a human somatic cell contains 46 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be in a reproductive cell?
What is 23
A process where DNA is used to make mRNA
What is transcription
This macromolecule plays a role in insulation and helps animals conserve heat when the environment is very cold
What are lipids
Packages and transports proteins out of the cell
What is the Golgi apparatus
This is the monomer of a sugar
What is a monosaccharide