Human Body Systems
Mitosis/Meiosis
Mendelian Genetics
Evolution/Natural Selection
DNA mutations and the Central Dogma
100
This system is responsible for breaking down food, absorbing nutrients into the bloodstream, and eliminating solid waste.
What is the digestive system
100
This process of cell division results in two genetically identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the original parent cell.
What is mitosis
100
A genetic cross that involves tracking only one trait at a time
What is a monohybrid cross
100
The process by which individuals with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
What is natural selection
100
A change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA that can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral.
What is a mutation
200
These two systems collaborate to provide the body with oxygen: one brings air into the lungs, and the other transports it to cells.
What is the Respiratory and Circulatory system
200
Occurring during the S phase of interphase, this essential process ensures that each new daughter cell receives a complete and identical set of genetic instructions.
What is DNA Replication
200
A genetic cross that tracks two independent traits (like seed color and seed shape) simultaneously.
What is a dihybrid cross
200
The evolutionary model that suggests species change slowly and steadily over millions of years through small, continuous steps.
What is gradualism
200
According to the Central Dogma, genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to create this ultimate functional product.
What is protein
300
While often confused with digestion, this system specifically focuses on filtering waste from the blood and removing it as urine.
What is the Excretory (urinary) system
300
Unlike mitosis, this type of cell division occurs only in reproductive organs to produce gametes like sperm and egg cells.
What is meiosis
300
Crossing a heterozygous black guinea pig (Bb) with a white guinea pig (bb) will result in WHAT percentage of white offspring.
What is 50%
300
A long period in the fossil record where a species shows little to no significant structural change.
What it is Stasis
300
This stage of the Central Dogma involves keeping the message in the same 'language' of nucleic acids, just changing the format from DNA to RNA.
What is transcription
400
These TWO body systems work together when a horse’s sensory receptors detect a stimulus on its skin, and triggers a physical response like tail swishing or leg stomping to repel biting flies
What are the Nervous and Muscular systems
400
Occurring during Prophase I of meiosis, this process involves homologous chromosomes exchanging segments of DNA to create brand-new gene combinations.
What is crossing over
400
This is the total number of different gamete combinations produced by an organism with the genotype (AaBb).
What is 4
400
An inherited characteristic that increases an organism's chance of survival and reproduction in its environment.
What is adaptation
400
Once a message has been transcribed, the cell performs this step to decode the mRNA sequence into a functional chain of amino acids.
What is translation
500
Your body stays cool on a hot day through the interaction of these two systems: one produces sweat and the other dilates blood vessels to release heat.
What is the Integumentary and Circulatory systems
500
Occurring during Metaphase I of meiosis, this process aligns homologous chromosomes at the cell's equator, further creating genetic variation.
What is independent assortment
500
If two unaffected parents have an affected child, it is a primary clue that the trait has what kind of allele
What is a recessive allele or recessive trait
500
This must exist within a population for natural selection to occur; otherwise, all individuals would be identical.
What is genetic variation
500
Look at the image below. This is an example of what kind of mutation?
What is a frameshift mutation