Biomolecules and Cells
Which biomolecule is responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Lipids
D. Nucleic Acids
Nucleic Acids
Which of the following statements best describes how aerobic respiration differs from anaerobic respiration?
A. Aerobic respiration does not require oxygen, while anaerobic respiration does.
B. Aerobic respiration produces more ATP than anaerobic respiration.
C. Anaerobic respiration occurs in mitochondria, while aerobic respiration occurs in the cytoplasm.
D. Anaerobic respiration is more efficient at producing energy than aerobic respiration.
Aerobic respiration does not require oxygen, while anaerobic respiration does.
In pea plants, purple flowers (P) are dominant over white flowers (p). A heterozygous purple flower (Pp) is crossed with a white flower (pp).
What percentage of the offspring will have purple flowers?
A. 0%
B. 25%
C. 50%
D. 75%
C. 50%
Which of the following is an example of natural selection?
A. A dog learning to do tricks for food.
B. A giraffe with a long neck surviving better in its environment and passing the trait to offspring.
C. A scientist breeding two types of plants to create a new variety.
D. A bird finding a new place to build its nest.
B. A giraffe with a long neck surviving better in its environment and passing the trait to offspring.
In an ecosystem, rabbits eat grass, and foxes eat rabbits. If the rabbit population decreases, what is the most likely effect on the fox population?
A. The fox population will increase.
B. The fox population will stay the same.
C. The fox population will decrease.
D. The fox population will find a new food source immediately.
C. The fox population will decrease.
A scientist observes a cell under a microscope and notices that it has a nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes. Based on these observations, the cell is most likely:
A. A prokaryotic cell
B. A eukaryotic cell
C. A virus
D. A bacterium
A eukaryotic cell
What will happen to an animal cell placed in pure water?
A. It will shrink because water moves out.
B. It will stay the same size because no water moves.
C. It will swell and possibly burst because water moves in.
D. It will divide into two cells.
It will swell and possibly burst because water moves in.
Which of the following contributes most to genetic variation?
A. Mitosis
B. Crossing over during meiosis
C. Asexual reproduction
D. Mutations in body cells
B. Crossing over during meiosis
Which of the following provides the best evidence for common ancestry?
A. Similar habitats
B. Fossil records showing transitional species
C. Individual adaptations
D. Different diets among animals
Fossil records showing transitional species
Which of the following is an example of secondary succession?
A. A volcanic eruption creating new land that becomes a forest over time.
B. A glacier retreating and exposing bare rock that eventually turns into an ecosystem.
C. A forest regrowing after a wildfire.
D. A coral reef forming in the ocean over millions of years.
A forest regrowing after a wildfire.
What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?
(They make proteins.)
Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP during cellular respiration?
A. Ribosome
B. Chloroplast
C. Mitochondrion
D. Nucleus
Mitochondrion
If two heterozygous parents for a dominant trait (Bb) have offspring, what percent of their children are expected to show the recessive phenotype?
A. 0%
B. 25%
C. 50%
D. 75%
B. 25%
Which kingdom includes unicellular organisms that live in extreme environments, such as hot springs?
A. Protista
B. Fungi
C. Archaea
D. Plantae
Archaea
Which process in the carbon cycle removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?
A. Combustion (burning fossil fuels)
B. Photosynthesis
C. Cellular respiration
D. Decomposition
Photosynthesis
What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
(Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus; prokaryotic cells do not.)
How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related?
A. Photosynthesis produces oxygen and glucose, which are used in cellular respiration.
B. Cellular respiration produces oxygen, which is needed for photosynthesis.
C. They both produce carbon dioxide as a main product.
D. They are unrelated processes.
Photosynthesis produces oxygen and glucose, which are used in cellular respiration.
During DNA replication, which base pairs with adenine (A)?
A. Cytosine (C)
B. Guanine (G)
C. Thymine (T)
D. Uracil (U)
Thymine (T)
Why is antibiotic resistance a growing concern in medicine?
A. Bacteria evolve to survive antibiotics, making infections harder to treat.
B. Antibiotics work against viruses as well as bacteria.
C. Antibiotics can completely eliminate all bacteria in the body.
D. Antibiotic resistance happens only in animals, not humans.
Bacteria evolve to survive antibiotics, making infections harder to treat.
Which of the following includes both biotic and abiotic factors?
A. Population
B. Community
C. Ecosystem
D. Organism
Ecosystem
11. Which biomolecule is the main source of energy for the body?
A. Lipids
B. Proteins
C. Carbohydrates
D. Nucleic acids
Carbohydrates
Fill in the blanks for the balanced equation of photosynthesis:
__________ + 6H₂O + sunlight → C₆H₁₂O₆ + _________
6CO2+ 6H₂O + sunlight → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O2
Which of the following is true about meiosis?
A. It creates identical diploid cells.
B. It results in cells with half the number of chromosomes.
C. It is used for growth and repair.
D. It does not affect genetic variation.
It results in cells with half the number of chromosomes.
In an energy pyramid, which organisms have the most available energy?
A. Producers (plants, algae)
B. Primary consumers (herbivores)
C. Secondary consumers (carnivores)
D. Tertiary consumers (top predators)
Producers (plants, algae)
How does the endocrine system help maintain homeostasis?
A. By producing hormones that regulate body functions
B. By breaking down food for nutrients
C. By removing waste from the body
D. By transporting oxygen to the lungs
By producing hormones that regulate body functions