Cell Basics
What are the 4 common components of all cells?
Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and DNA
What does the nucleus do?
controls the cell, houses DNA, directs activities
What are stem cells and why are they important?
stem cells are unspecialized cells that can become many different cell types; important because they replenish and build new cells.
What are the reactants of photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight
What safety gear should you always wear in the lab?
Safety goggles, lab coat, gloves
Are bacteria prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Prokaryotic
What is the function of ribosomes?
Makes proteins by reading genetics instructions
Name the 3 germ layers formed during gastrulation.
Endoderm (inner), Mesoderm (middle), Ectoderm (outer)
What is the waste product of photosynthesis?
Oxygen
How do skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle cells look different?
Skeletal = striated, multiple nuclei; Cardiac = striated with intercalated disks; Smooth = not striated
What do bacteria NOT have that a eukaryotic cells do? (Name at LEAST 2)
No nucleus, no mitochondria, no ER, and no chloroplasts
which organelle is called the " powerhouse of the cell"?
Mitochondria
What does the mesoderm develop into?
Muscles, bones, circulatory, excretory, and reproductive system
What is the main goal product of photosynthesis?
Glucose
What tissue type forms a protective barrier with tightly packed cells?
Epithelial tissue
what type of cell has chloroplasts plants or animals?
Plant cells
What is the main function of the endoplasmic reticulum ( ER ) ?
Transport proteins; network of the membranes from nucleus
What are the 4 types of tissues?
Connective, nervous, epithelial, muscle
What are the reactants and products of cellular
Reactants: glucose + oxygen; Products: carbon dioxide + water + ATP
What should you do if you spill a chemical in the lab?
Alert teacher, follow chemical cleanup procedures, never touch without protection
What structure separates the inside of the cell from the outside environment?
Plasma (cell) membrane
which organelle uses light energy to make glucose?
chloroplast
Name 3 body systems and give their functions.
Example:
• Nervous System – controls the body
• Digestive System – breaks down food
• Cardiovascular System – transports blood
AND MORE JUST DIDN'T WANT TO TYPE IT OUT SORRY
How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related?
They are reverse processes — photosynthesis makes glucose + oxygen, respiration breaks them down to release energy
Labeling challenge: Name 4 organelles you should be able to identify in a cell diagram.
Plasma membrane, nucleus, nucleolus, mitochondria, chloroplast, ribosome, ER (anything else)