Cell Basics
Cell
Nucleus
Cell’s control center that holds DNA.
Cell Wall
Gives plants structure. Found outside membrane.
Controls what goes in and out of a cell.
Protist
Miscellaneous eukaryotes—usually single-celled.
Prokaryote
Simple cell with no nucleus.
Ribosome
Makes proteins. Can float or attach to ER.
Chloroplast
Site of photosynthesis in plants.
Help move things across membranes.
Homeostasis
Stable internal balance in cells/organisms.
Eukaryote
Cell with a nucleus and organelles.
Mitochondria
The powerhouse of the cell.
Chlorophyll
Green pigment that captures sunlight.
Vesicles
Carry substances inside the cell.
Membrane-bound Organelles
Only in eukaryotes, includes things like ER, mitochondria.
Refers to a cell type like bacteria.
Golgi Apparatus
Packages and ships proteins.
Vacuole
Stores water and nutrients, big in plants.
Selective Permeability
Allows only certain materials through.
Chromosome (linear)
DNA form in eukaryotic cells.
Eukaryotic
Refers to complex cells with a nucleus.
Lysosome
Breaks down waste inside the cell.
Cytoskeleton
Protein framework that supports cell shape and movement.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth/Rough)
Rough makes proteins, smooth makes lipids. Complex structure.
Plasmid (Circular)
Tiny circular DNA in bacteria.