DNA
The idea that two new daughter molecules will each contain one strand from the parent molecule and one strand of new bases is referred to as what
Semi-conservative method of replication
Anticodons are located where
Which researchers(s) is credited with discovering that DNA has a double helix shape
James Watson and Francis Crick
What type of mutation occurs in gametes and will likely be transmitted to offspring
germline
Describe the central dogma of molecular biology
DNA->RNA->Protein
The process by which DNA is converted into mRNA
Transcription
What process uses mRNA to make a protein
Translation
Which researchers first coined the term "transformation"
Frederick Griffith
Anything in the environment that can cause a mutation is called what
A mutagen
Viruses that infect bacteria are called what
Bacteriophages
The backbone of DNA is made up of what
Sugar and Phosphate group
Which enzyme binds to the promoter region in the initiation step of transcription
RNA polymerase
Which researcher used X-ray crystallography photos to help discover the structure of DNA
Rosalind Franklin
Type of point mutation in which the mutated codon codes for the same amino acid
Silent mutation
In Chargaff's rule, which two bases pair together
A-T
C-G
A special type of regulatory protein that must bind to a portion of DNA to switch a gene on
Activator
Why is RNA more susceptible to degradation by enzymes
Because it is single stranded
Which researchers worked with viruses and bacteria to confirm that DNA is the genetic material
Hershey and Chase
What type of chromosomal alteration occurs when a segment of DNA from one chromosome is added to another, unrelated chromosome
Insertion
Which two bases are also called "purine" bases
How many, and what type of, bonds hold together cytosine and guanine
3 Hydrogen bonds
Type of mRNA processing in which a string of adenine bases is added, signaling the end of mRNA
Polyadenylation
Which researchers showed that the substance that went through transformation in the previous rat experiment is DNA
Avery, MacLeod, McCarty
a disease in which cells grow out of control and form abnormal masses of cells
Cancer
Also called transcription factors, this makes sure that correct proteins are made when and where they are supposed to be
Regulatory proteins