Mendelian Gentics
What law states that when the dominant allele is present in a gene the dominant phenotype will be expressed?
Law of Dominance
When traits blend together
Incomplete dominance
What type of cells are made in meiosis?
Gametes (Reproductive Cells)
Physical appearance of a trait
Phenotype
What is the phenotypic ratio of Tt × tt
1:1
What is the phenotype ratio of Aa × Aa?
3:1
When both alleles are fully expressed
Codominance
How many chromosomes are in human gametes?
23
Genetic makeup
Genotype
In incomplete dominance, a red flower (RR) crossed with a white flower (WW) produces what phenotype in offspring?
Pink
What is the principle that states alleles separate during gamete formation?
Law of Segregation
Blood type is an example of what inheritance pattern?
Multiple alleles
What process mixes genetic material between homologous chromosomes?
Crossing over
What do we call different versions of a gene?
Alleles
In AaBb × aabb, what fraction of offspring will be aabb?
1/4
What is the probability of aa from Aa × Aa?
25%
Skin color is an example of what type of trait?
Polygenic trait
What phase separates homologous chromosomes?
Anaphase I
Two identical alleles
Homozygous
A heterozygous black-and-white cow crossed with another black-and-white cow. What is the phenotypic ratio?
1 black : 2 black-and-white : 1 white
What law states genes on different chromosomes assort independently?
Law of Independent Assortment
When one gene hides the effect of another gene
Epistasis
What two processes create genetic variation in meiosis?
Crossing over AND independent assortment
Two different alleles
Heterozygous
A carrier female (XᴺXⁿ) and a normal male (XᴺY) have children. What percent of sons will be affected?
50%