Biology Basics
This is the study of life.
What is biology?
The monomer of carbohydrates.
What is a monosaccharide?
The main function of lipids in organisms.
What is storing energy?
The monomer of proteins.
What is an amino acid?
The monomer of nucleic acids.
What is a nucleotide?
To maintain internal balance.
What is homeostasis?
The elements found in carbohydrates.
What are carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen?
The building blocks of lipids.
What are fatty acids and glycerol?
The four parts of an amino acid include a central carbon, amino group, carboxyl group, and this variable component.
What is the R-group?
Adenine pairs with this base in DNA.
What is thymine?
These small units serve as the building blocks of organic molecules.
What are monomers?
The bond that connects two monosaccharides to form a disaccharide.
What is a glycosidic linkage?
These fats are considered “unhealthy” because of their straight shape and solid state at room temperature.
What are saturated fats?
The bond that holds amino acids together in a polypeptide chain.
What is a peptide bond?
The shape of DNA.
What is a double helix?
In biology, structure always dictates this.
What is function?
This polysaccharide is the structural component in plant cell walls.
What is cellulose?
The main form of stored energy in animals.
What are triglycerides?
The two secondary structures of proteins are the alpha-helix and this sheet.
What is a beta-pleated sheet?
The three parts of a nucleotide.
What are a sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base?
The Central Dogma of Biology actually states: DNA → RNA → ________.
What is protein?
The name for a carbohydrate with 3 or more monosaccharides.
What is a polysaccharide?
In a phospholipid bilayer, the heads are _________ while the tails are __________.
What is hydrophilic (heads) and hydrophobic (tails)?
Not all proteins reach this final stage of folding, where multiple polypeptides combine.
What is quaternary structure?
Name one difference between DNA and RNA.
What is (any of the following) → DNA has thymine, RNA has uracil / DNA is double-stranded, RNA is single-stranded / DNA stores info, RNA transfers info.