Water Molecule
What is the charge of the oxygen atom in a water molecule?
Negative
What is the name of the cellular structure that water crosses in osmosis?
Cell membrane
Osmosis is specific to the diffusion of what molecule?
Water
Is diffusion active or passive transport?
passive
Does active transport require energy?
Yes
What bond connects oxygen to hydrogen within one water molecule?
Covalent
The cell membrane is composed of structures with hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails. What is this molecule called?
Phospholipids
How is a solution described when the concentration on the outside of the cell matches the concentration on the inside of the cell?
Isotonic
In diffusion, solute moves _____ the concentration gradient.
down
What are the 2 types of active transport that we discussed?
Protein pumps and bulk transport
What property does water have that allows water to stick to itself?
Cohesion
Some particles are able to pass through the cell membrane, while others are not. This is because the cell membrane is semi-_________.
Permeable
When a cell is hypertonic, what direction will water move in?
Out of the cell
Does diffusion require energy?
No
Phagocytosis is an example of when particles are engulfed by the cell. What bulk transport is phagocytosis an example of?
Endocytosis
Electrons among the oxygen and hydrogen molecules are not evenly distributed. Because of this, the water molecule has a partial negative and partial positive charge. There this is a _________ molecule.
Polar
In the tea lab, the tea particles acted as the solute and the tea bag acted as the cell ________.
membrane
When a cell is placed in hypotonic solution, the cell will _____ in size.
grow
In diffusion, water will move from an area of ______ concentration to an area of _____ concentration.
higher; lower
Active transport moves ______ the concentration gradient.
against
What bond connects the oxygen atom of one water molecule to the hydrogen atom of another water molecule?
Hydrogen bond
The phospholipid bilayer is composed of tails that are water-fearing. Water-fearing molecules are known as hydro______.
hydrophobic
Lysis
How does temperature affect the rate of diffusion?
Increase in temperature results in a faster rate of diffusion. The higher the temperature, the faster the diffusion occurs.
What macromolecule is embedded into the cell membrane to assist in transporting cells that are too large for simple diffusion.
protein