A modified type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms consisting of two rounds of cell division but only one round of DNA replication.
What is Meiosis?
100
Alternative versions of a gene.
What is an Allele
100
The synthesis of RNA under the direction of DNA.
What is Transcription
100
The synthesis of a polypeptide, which occurs under the direction of mRNA.
What is Translation
100
a unit of genetic function found in bacteria and phages, consisting of a promotor, an operator, and a coordinately regulated cluster of genes whose products function in a common pathway.
What is an operon
200
Crossing over occurs in this phase of meiosis.
What is Prophase I
200
An organism that has two different alleles for a gene is said to be _______for that gene.
What is heterozygous.
200
Type of RNA molecule that carries a genetic message from DNA to the protein-synthesizing machinery of the cell.
What is messenger RNA.
200
Transfers amino acids from cytoplasmic pool of amino acids to a ribosome.
What is Transfer RNA
200
a gene that codes for a protein, such as a repressor, that controls the transcription of another gene or group of genes.
What is regulatory a gene
300
In this phase of meiosis, the meiotic division of one parent cell produces four daughter cells each with a haploid set of chromosomes.
What is Telophase II
300
a property in which a single gene has multiple phenotypic effects.
What is pleiotropy.
300
This enzyme pries the two strands of DNA apart and joins the RNA nucleotides as they base pair along the DNA template.
What is RNA polymerase
300
Ribosomal subunits are constructed of these proteins and RNA moleecules
What is ribosomal RNAs.
300
protein that binds to DNA and stimulates transcription of a gene.
What is activator.
400
In this phase of meiosis, sister chromatids are positioned on the metaphase plate as in mitosis.
What is Metaphase II
400
this allele determines the organisms appearance.
What is dominant allele
400
Process which involves the removal of large portions of the RNA molecule that is initially synthesized.
What is RNA splicing.
400
start sequence codon
What is AUG
400
acetyl group are attached to lysine in histone tails in thes process
What is histone acetylation?
500
In this phase of meiosis, homologous chromosomes separate and move toward opposite poles. Sister chromatid cohesion persists.
What is Anaphase I
500
An organism's genetic makeup.
What is genotype.
500
The three stop codons that do not code for amono acids are ___________.
What is UAA, UAG, UGA.
500
This site on the ribosome holds the tRNA carrying the growing polypeptide chain
What is peptidyl-tRNA site (p-site)
500
segments of noncoding DNA that help regulate transcription by binding certain proteins.